Open the left menu Maryland. Maryland is the old border state of Maryland. Interesting Facts

Maryland state map:

Maryland (eng. Maryland [ˈmɛrələnd]) is a small state in the eastern United States, one of the so-called Mid-Atlantic states and one of the 13 states that made the American Revolution. Population - 5.296 million people (19th place among the states; 2000 data). The capital is Annapolis (Maryland), the largest city is Baltimore.

Official name: State of Maryland

Capital of Maryland: Annapolis

Largest city: Baltimore

Other major cities: Aberdeen, Buoys, College Park, Cumberland, Frederick, Gaithersburg, Greenbelt, Hagerstown, Laurel, Rockville, Salisbury, Takoma Park, Westminster, Ocean City.

State Nicknames: Old Frontier State, Cockade State, Free State.

State motto: Deeds of men, words of women

Maryland zip code: MD

State Formation Date: 1788 (7th in order)

Area: 32 thousand sq. km. (Rank 42 in the country.)

Population: more than 5 million people (19th place in the country).

History of Maryland

In 1524, Giovanni da Verrazano visited the east coast of North America at the head of a French expedition. In 1526, the Spaniards arrived in the Chesapeake Bay.

Captain John Smith of Virginia was the first to explore the area in 1608. In 1631, William Clairborne founded the first trading settlement here.

In 1632, Charles I granted George Calvert, Irish Baron Baltimore, a patent for the settlement of lands between the 40th parallel and the south coast of the Potomac - the future province of Maryland. In the same year, the baron died, and the land went to his son, Kelicius Calvert. On March 25, 1634, the English colonists founded the settlement of St. Mary here, named after the patron saint of heaven, Queen Henrietta Mary.

In 1649, the colony's legislature passed America's first religious freedom act, the Maryland Toleration Act. From 1692 to 1715 Maryland was ruled by royal governors. In 1694, the provincial capital was moved to Providence, which in 1708 was renamed Annapolis in honor of Queen Anne Stewart.

In 1715 the province was again taken over by the Calverts. To settle territorial disputes between Maryland and Pennsylvania, the rulers of the colonies, Calvert and Penn, appointed two officials, Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon, who drew the line between the colonies. Since then, the Mason-Dixon Line has been considered the de facto border between the southern and northern states of the United States.

In 1765 the citizens of Maryland opposed the Stamp Act. On July 3, 1776, Maryland announced that it was no longer subject to the king, and four months later became the first of the colonies to adopt its own constitution as a state. Although there was no fighting in the state, fighters from Maryland actively participated in the War of Independence.

April 28, 1788 Maryland became the seventh US state. In 1791, the state gave land to the federal government to create the metropolitan District of Columbia and the city of Washington.

During the war of 1812-1814, the British tried to capture Baltimore and bombarded Fort McHenry, which was defending the city. It was then that Francis Scott Kay wrote the poem "Star Banner", which became the words of the US national anthem.

During the Civil War, Marylanders were divided. After Virginia seceded from the Union, President Lincoln instituted military rule in Maryland to prevent the separation of the state located near the city of Washington. Bloody battles took place in the state (Battle of South Mountain, Battle of Antietam, Battle of Hapers Ferry and Battle of Monokasi).

Geography and climate of Maryland

The area of ​​Maryland is 32.16 thousand km² (42nd place among the states), of which about 21% is water. The state is located on the shores of the Chesapeake Bay. Its territory is divided into the East Bank (on the Delmarva Peninsula) and the West Bank. To the north, Maryland borders Pennsylvania along the Mason-Dixon line; in the northeast - with Delaware, in the south and west - with Virginia and West Virginia (the border runs along the Potomac, as well as with the metropolitan District of Columbia. In the east, the territory is washed by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean.

The eastern regions of Maryland make up the Coastal Lowland, in the west is the so-called "Line of Falls". The climate is temperate and humid.

Economy of Maryland

According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, Maryland's GDP in 2005 was $246 billion (15th among states). To a large extent, the modern economy of Maryland depends on the service sector, transport, construction and information technology (proximity to the capital of the state and the presence of large seaports affect. In addition, many federal organizations are stationed in Maryland, in particular NASA, the National Security Agency (NSA), Consumer Product Safety Commission, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), etc.

The state has significant coal reserves, but its production has fallen significantly since the beginning of the 20th century. There are enterprises for the extraction of stone and sand. Agriculture is developed, in particular tobacco growing.

The United States of America is a huge country, the 4th state in the world in terms of area, where 327 million people live. The state has 50 states and one federal district. Each administrative unit has its own history and is interesting in its own way.

State of Maryland, USA

This state is located in the south of the country and covers just over 32 thousand square kilometers. On a national scale, this is a small state, occupying only 42nd place in terms of area.

It borders Delaware, Pennsylvania, Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia. And in the southeast, the state is washed by the Atlantic Ocean.

In the Eastern Time Zone region, therefore, the time in Maryland (USA) is always "late" by 7 hours in relation to Moscow time.

Geographic features

The territory of the state is represented by three physiographic regions:

• coastal lowlands (east);
• Piedmont Plateau (center);
• Appalachians (west).

There are a huge number of islands on the coast of the state. The largest and most popular Assateague Island, Chincoteague ponies even live here in natural conditions.

In the eastern part of Maryland (USA) there is the Atlantic lowland and the largest bay in the country called the Chesapeake. This is a one-branch mouth of the Susquehanna River, 320 km long and 4.5 to 50 km wide. The ocean lowlands are separated from the Piedmont Plateau by a line of waterfalls.

Despite the small size of the state, there are many nature reserves and other protected natural areas on its territory. And it is here that the most popular Appalachian trail in the country lies - a tourist route.

Climate

Maryland, USA is a region with different climates. In the east, it is humid subtropical, characterized by short and mild winters, with hot summers. On the coast in winter, the temperature rarely drops to -1 degrees, and in summer it stays at +27 and above for a long time.

To the west, on the plateau, winters are cooler, the temperature can drop to -6 degrees, and in summer it rarely rises above +30. It is even colder in the Appalachian mountains, but still the climate can be described as mountainous, humid and subtropical.

Population

In the compact territory of the US state of Maryland, 5.8 million people live, this is the 19th place in the country. The population density is 230 people per square kilometer.

Only 44 thousand people live in the state capital, the city of Annapolis, and the largest settlement is the city of Baltimore, with a population of 620 thousand.

The region is predominantly white - more than 58%. At the same time, the white race is represented in the majority by non-Hispanic residents.

The largest ethnic group is the Germans (15.7%), the second is the Irish (11.7%) and the third is the British (9%).

By religious affiliation, the majority of the population is represented by Christians (80%) - these are Baptists, Protestants, Catholics, Jews and others.

Cities of Maryland, USA

First of all, the state is known for the Camp David resort, where American presidents rest.

The entire eastern part of the region is a resort area and the most popular Ocean City. There is a Boardwalk, which was built back in 1902, where there is a monument - an anchor from a sailboat, a ship that died off these coasts back in 1870.

Annapolis is the state capital, located 40 kilometers from Baltimore and Washington. This city in the 18th century was even the temporary capital of the state. The capital is famous not only for its history and old buildings, but also for the most prestigious military educational institution - the US Naval Academy. It is very difficult to get into training, but on the other hand, after graduating from a university, a graduate immediately becomes the elite of the country's armed forces.

Baltimore in Maryland, USA is the largest city in the state. It was here that Edgar Allan Poe once lived and was buried. The visiting card of the settlement is the port of Inner Harbor. The city has an aquarium with one of the largest collections of underwater inhabitants (about 10,000 species). In general, Baltimore impresses with a huge number of ships and skyscrapers.

Free state or a bit of history

In the state during the period of the liberation war, there were no hostilities, but its inhabitants have proven themselves from the best side. Maryland did not sign the ratification of the Articles of Confederation, and only after the waiver of claims in favor of the federal government was the document signed.

During the Second War of Independence, the British made an attempt to capture Baltimore by land, but retreated under the onslaught of the city's defenders.

The state flourished in the first half of the 19th century, when industrial enterprises opened and trade intensified. In 1811, the construction of the National Road began, and in 1829 the Chesapeake-Delaware Canal was opened, connecting the state with Philadelphia.

In 1839, the country's first passenger railway line was already starting to operate.

With the advent of Lincoln, there were very few people in the state for the abolition of slavery. The state experienced many conflicts during the Civil War, including the Baltimore Riot. However, the district authorities still vote against secession from the Union. After the end of the war, the state's economy quickly recovered.

In 1904, the largest fire occurs in Baltimore, about 35 thousand people are left without work and shelter. However, many immigrants still come to the state. Over time, the importance of industry for the region decreases, most of the inhabitants are employed in the federal service due to their proximity to the capital. In the 80s of the last century, tourism began to develop, hotels and shopping centers, parks appeared.

Economy

To date, the state of Maryland (USA) is the leader in the list in terms of average income per family. The infrastructure and medicine are well developed here. This is the most important transport hub of the entire state, and the port in Baltimore is the largest in America.

The state has many federal agencies, from the NASA headquarters to the nuclear regulatory commission for critical military installations.

The industry is more focused on the manufacture of food products and chemicals, there are defense enterprises. Agriculture occupies a minimal share of the economy due to dense population. However, fishing is well developed, especially in the Chesapeake Bay.

The state has the best research university in America - named after Johns Hopkins and the hospital of the same name. Genetic research is carried out at the Howard Hughes Institute and other research organizations.

The largest income-generating sector of the economy is tourism. The state is even referred to as "America in Miniature" for water sports, hiking and skiing.

State of Maryland. Maryland - this is how the French colonizers decided to name the territory in honor of the daughter of the king named Mary. The state borders Virginia, Delaware, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. The area of ​​​​the territory is only 32 thousand km², which is quite small by the standards of the American states. The population density is quite high. Almost 6 million people live here. Among the largest cities, it is worth highlighting Silver Spring, Baltimore and the capital Annapolis. The status of the 7th state of the United States was granted in 1788.

Maryland state symbols

The state on the map is located on the Gulf of the Atlantic Ocean. It's hard to believe, but more than 20% of the area is occupied by water bodies. The terrain is mostly flat, with the exception of the spurs of the Blue Ridge mountain range. In the west you can see several small but very picturesque waterfalls. Part of the state of Maryland falls on the peninsula. This place is considered the most environmentally friendly in America. The weather is warm with lots of precipitation. Temperatures can reach 30°C in summer and 0°C in winter. The cold season is characterized by freezing rain.

The territory is rich in coal, the extraction of which allowed to strengthen the economy of the new state in the distant 1800. Today, Maryland is a part of the US that has several stable financial flows. The Chesapeake Bay produces about 20 million kg of marine products, including fish, shellfish, crabs, algae, squid and others. The city of Baltimore is a major port through which more than 20% of imported products arrive. Neighborhood with other countries provided attractiveness for the military. The state is home to several major defense installations, including bases, factories, and formations. The official representative office of NASA is located in the capital.

Civilian enterprises are engaged in the manufacture of electronic equipment, chemicals and canned food. Agriculture is based on the cultivation, harvesting and processing of corn, cucumbers, watermelons and tomatoes. To the south are tobacco plantations. Livestock and poultry farming make an invaluable contribution to the economy. Coastal zones are fed by tourism.

State of Maryland. Population and religion

The share of the white population is 67%, among which are residents with Irish, German, English, Italian and French roots. African Americans and Asians in Maryland are approximately 34%. It is worth noting the large concentration of Koreans, whose community is considered the largest in the United States. America and Maryland have many differences. First and foremost, national groups try to live separately. If in the south of the state there is a concentration of hereditary Englishmen, then in the north - Germans. Unity is observed only in the religious sphere. More than 80% of citizens identify themselves as Christians, 10% as atheists and 10% as representatives of other religions.

State of Maryland. Interesting Facts

• A married woman should not rummage through her husband's pocket. Against the backdrop of this unusual law, divorces are filed daily in Maryland.
• The state of Maryland, the city of Washington, is the place where a record number of millionaires is concentrated. In the suburbs there is a small area, an analogue of the Russian Rublyovka.
• Here you can get a fine for growing weeds, even if the appearance of grass in the yard is due to lack of care. The amount of financial punishment is equal to another unusual offense - visiting a movie theater accompanied by a lion.
• The city of Baltimore is called "dark" by Americans. This is due to the predominance of the African American race (almost 65%).
• Unusual laws for public parks. In some places, due to the predominant accumulation of blood-sucking insects, it is forbidden to wear a shirt with a short sleeve. But tramps are not allowed to enter the park. Unsecured residents are forced to huddle near fences and entrances, begging for alms from tourists.
• When traveling by car, in particular when driving on the highway, you cannot swear. It is not specified how law enforcement officials monitor the implementation of this rule.
• Writer Edgar Allan Poe lived in Baltimore for a long time. This city has become the site of his grave, which is visited daily by dozens of admirers. Here he wrote several famous works.

State of Maryland. Attractions

The sculpture "Awakening" surprises with its dimensions and unusual design. A giant is trying to get out of the earth, who has woken up after many years of sleep. Only parts of the body are open to the viewer, which in their essence are separate elements. The composition attracts the attention of tourists, praising the name of its creator. The author of "Awakening" was John Johnson, known far beyond the state of Maryland and the United States as a whole.

Old power plant. State of Maryland

Maryland is one of the few places where an old power plant is used as art. It once provided food for the entire city of Westport. An abandoned building with huge electrical generators creates the spirit of the apocalypse. It was this property that was advantageously used in the film "12 Monkeys". The wave of popularity of the film provoked an increase in the tourist flow.

Chesapeake Bay is famous for its unusual island. A small piece of land was created by human hands. Previously, there was a checkpoint for ships here. Today, thousands of birds live on the island. The State is planning to convert the site into a small nature park. Fort Carroll has been tried many times for commercial purposes. The most unusual proposal was to build a casino here.

The lake under the beautiful name "Deep Creek" invites all lovers of a relaxing holiday. Landscaped barbecue areas, small tourist houses and a picturesque view will win the heart of every traveler. The facility is located in the nearest suburb of Baltimore.

State of Maryland

Name

The state of Maryland got its name in honor of Queen Henrietta Maria, the wife of Charles I. Moreover, at that time the name "Maryland" referred, of course, not to the state, but to the colony, which, by the way, was the second colony founded by recently appeared in America by Europeans. It is curious that one of the largest cities in the state was named after the founder of the Maryland colony - Cecil Calvert, Lord Baltimore. The state also has a nickname - "America in Miniature", given to him for geographical features.

Geography

It is precisely the diversity of the relief of the territory of the state of Maryland that was the reason for the appearance of its nickname "America in Miniature". Sand dunes, swamps, green hills, forests and mountains - all this is in the state of Maryland, which borders Pennsylvania in the north, West Virginia in the west, Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean in the east, along the Potomac River in the south with West Virginia and Virginia.

Maryland has an area of ​​32,133 sq. km, which almost corresponds to the area of ​​the state of Belgium. 21% of the state is occupied by water. Most state waterways are connected to the Chesapeake Bay. The bay and its bay are so popular in the state that from time to time the Maryland public tries to lobby for legislation to change the state's official nickname to "The Bay State". The inhabitants of Maryland are not even stopped by the fact that this nickname for a long time referred to a completely different American state - Massachusetts.

Speaking of water resources in Maryland, it is worth noting that there is not a single natural lake in the state. The largest artificial lake in the state is Deep Creek. Maryland's highest point is Hoye Cross on the Backbone Mountain Range. Its height is 1020 m. If you look down from such a height on the western part of the state near the town of Hancock, you can see both Maryland borders at once, the distance between which in this section does not exceed 3 km. The maximum width of the state of Maryland is 145 km, and the length is 400 km.

Climate

Maryland's climate varies by region. For example, in the eastern part, since it is located on a plain near the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, a subtropical climate prevails. It has hot summers and cool winters. It is in this zone that the capital of the state of Maryland, the city of Annapolis, is located. But Piedmont is already located on the border of two climatic zones - subtropical and mountainous subtropical. Summers are not so warm here, and in winters it often snows.

Maryland's proximity to the Atlantic Ocean significantly affects its climate. For example, Maryland is vulnerable to tropical cyclones. True, it is protected from them by the Delmarva Peninsula and the coast of North Carolina. So, if the state of Maryland is threatened by a powerful Category 3 or higher hurricane, then its strength will be significantly weakened by natural obstacles that arise along the way. Maryland also has tornadoes, but no more than 6 times a year. And thunderstorms here continue for a total of 30-40 days a year.

Story

The first Europeans to visit the territory of Maryland were in 1524 the French from the expedition led by Giovanni de Verrazano. In 1526, the Spaniards anchored in the Chesapeake Bay. In 1608, the English arrived here, led by Captain John Smith, and in 1631, the Englishman William Claborne founded the first settlement here, whose inhabitants were engaged in trade with might and main. A year later, Lord Baltimore begins the first extensive settlement of land in Maryland.

The number of immigrants is increasing in the state, and now, on March 25, 1634, the settlement of St. Mary appears here, the name of which will later be transferred to the state. Since there were many religious refugees among the settlers, one of the first laws passed in the colony in 1649 was the Maryland Toleration Act. The city of Providence became the capital of the growing state, which was later renamed Annapolis in honor of Queen Anne Stewart.

In 1715, it became necessary to demarcate the colonies of Maryland and Pennsylvania. The Mason-Dixon line was drawn, named after the officials responsible for the demarcation of territories. The line became the de facto border between the southern and northern states of the United States. On July 3, 1776, Maryland declared secession from Britain, adopted its own constitution, and sent fighters to fight in the American Revolution.

On April 28, 1788, Maryland was incorporated into the United States. The possessions of the state turned out to be so large that in 1791 the federal government turned to the state authorities with a request to allocate them land for the metropolitan District of Columbia and the city of Washington, which, as you know, the leadership of Maryland did not refuse. During the Civil War years of 1861-1865, Marylanders supported different sides. As a result, President Lincoln was forced to introduce military rule in the state in order to stop the unrest.

Population

Maryland has a population of over 5,700,000 residents. By origin, the inhabitants of the state are 15.7% German, 11.7% Irish, 9% English, 5.8% American, 5.1% Italian. Maryland also has large Hispanic and Korean communities. The majority of Maryland's population prefers to live in the central part of the state, as well as in the communities around Baltimore and Washington.

Cities

The most famous cities in Maryland are Annapolis and Baltimore. The city of Annapolis has been the capital of the state of Maryland since the founding of the settlements of the English colonists here. The city barely has 40,000 inhabitants. Annapolis stands on the banks of the River Severn, just 3 km from its confluence with the Chesapeake Bay. From Annapolis 40 km to the US capital Washington and the largest city of Maryland - Baltimore. More than 600,000 people live in Baltimore. The city is twinned with other cities from 11 countries of the world.

Economy

If once the well-being of the inhabitants of Maryland was entirely dependent on tobacco crops, today it is grown in modest quantities and only in the south of the state. In agriculture, the inhabitants of Maryland give preference to cattle breeding and poultry farming. In the east of the state, vegetables, melons, and strawberries are grown, while orchards predominate in the western regions. Despite the variety of directions for the development of agriculture, it does not bring much income to the state.

The state receives higher incomes from fishing. In general, the industrial sector of the economy is considered promising in the state. For the same agricultural products and ocean production, food industry enterprises have been built and are successfully operating here. There are metallurgical and metal-working plants that work on imported raw materials. In addition, shipbuilding is well developed: fishing trawlers and small pleasure craft are made in Maryland.

culture

Maryland has many monuments dedicated to the history of the state. Picturesque nature inspires artists, poets and musicians to create outstanding works of art. In particular, it was in the city of Baltimore, Maryland, that the famous writer, master of the Gothic novel, Edgar Alan Poe, lived for a long time. His fate was closely connected with this city, where he married in 1835, and where in October 1849 he ended his life.

Baltimore has become the setting for a number of masterpieces of cinema and TV series. So, according to the script of the cult film The Silence of the Lambs, it was in the Baltimore psychiatric clinic that the main character of the drama Hannibal Lecter was kept. The events of one of the episodes of the science fiction series "The X-Files" also take place here. It is curious that at one time Baltimore became the muse of the independent American director John Waters, who made the films "Life in Despair", "Dirty Shame", "Pink Flamingo".

About this small US state, having become acquainted with its history, one can say for sure: it has a fighting character. Its inhabitants fought for everything and against everything: against Prohibition, against stamp duty, for religious tolerance, for territory, for their own constitution, for independence. No wonder it is also called the "free state"!

Maryland is a beautiful resort area, including the famous Ocean City, which is called the "number one family resort."

Today, Maryland is one of the thirteen founding states of the United States that brought about the American Revolution. Here, on the Atlantic coast, there are several resort areas, including the famous Ocean City, which is called the "number one family resort". In the west of Maryland, in its mountainous part, there are excellent ski resorts.

The state capital is Annapolis.

The largest port city is Baltimore. The resort is Ocean City.

How to get there

It will not be possible to get to Maryland directly; in any case, you will have to fly with a transfer, or even with two. Airlines offer flights through New York, Toronto, Istanbul and even the United Arab Emirates. Ultimately, you will arrive in Washington, and from it, as they say, a stone's throw to Baltimore - 65-70 km. A ticket for the MARC train on the Penn line will cost 9 USD per person. Local taxi drivers do not separate Washington and Baltimore at all, for them it is one city - be on the lookout!

Search for flights to Baltimore (nearest airport to Maryland)

Weather in Maryland

The climate in Maryland is humid subtropical. In summer, the average temperature is 26 °C above zero, with frequent showers and thunderstorms. In winter - +3 °C, snow falls periodically, freezing rain occurs several times during the winter. But in general, the winter in Maryland is mild and comfortable.

Baltimore

Baltimore is the largest city in the state, its port. It is also the birthplace of Edgar Allan Poe, the writer's house has been preserved here. In Baltimore, Edgar Allan Poe visited his grandparents in 1809, then he hid here, pursued by gambling debts and abandoned by an 18-year-old boy. He began writing stories in this city, got married, buried his wife and died himself 12 years later. On his tombstone is a raven - the hero of the famous poem of the poet.

On the writer's birthday, on the night of January 19, a man in a dark cloak and black hat appears at the grave and leaves red roses and half a bottle of cognac.

The hallmark of Baltimore, its pride is the inner harbor of Inner Harbor. A whole flotilla of ships is moored on the piers, which are open for excursions. But the harbor is interesting for tourists, first of all, because it is a shopping and entertainment area of ​​the city, where the main attractions are located. The docks and streets around the harbor are filled with museums, restaurants and shops.

Be sure to visit the National Aquarium in Baltimore! For 39.95 USD from the nose you will see a show with dolphins, admire the huge one - 10 thousand species! - a collection of fish, jellyfish, shells... From the harbor you can take a water taxi to the Italian district of Baltimore, Little Italy. A large Italian community still lives here, and therefore in the restaurants and cafes of the area you can always taste real Italian cuisine and buy a national little thing. In addition, "Little Italy" is one of the safest areas of criminal Baltimore.

Popular hotels in Baltimore

ocean city

The 25 km long sandy beach is the main attraction of this small resort town. The local population does not exceed 8 thousand inhabitants, although in the summer about 350 thousand people live here! It is for the beaches and the ocean that tourists with children love it, and therefore Ocean City is known as the “family resort No. 1”. There are all the opportunities for water sports, and for children there are amusement parks. Attracts travelers and boardwalk - a 5-kilometer pedestrian promenade, with many cafes and restaurants where you can taste excellent seafood.

At the beginning of August, Ocean City hosts a major competition for anglers - the White Marlin Tournament, where you can win over one million dollars!

The Chesapeake Bay provides over 200 million kilograms of seafood every year!

ocean city

Annapolis

Just 40 km from Baltimore is the state capital, and once the capital of the state, Annapolis. Today it is full of tourists, Annapolis is also called the "sailing capital of America." Now it is a quiet place with well-preserved buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries. The pride of the capital is the US Naval Academy: it is the prestige of the country's naval forces and, at the same time, the rich history of the entire American fleet. And, of course, tourists go to Annapolis to admire the Chesapeake Bay, the waters and tributaries of which cover approximately 11,600 square kilometers.

The Chesapeake Bay is home to about 3,600 species of plants, fish, and 29 species of migratory waterfowl. The bay produces more than 225 million kg of seafood annually.

Prices on the page are for September 2018.