Poklonnaya Mountain. Walk through Victory Park Entertainment on Poklonnaya Hill

Victory Park (Moscow, Russia): detailed description, address and photo. Opportunities for sports and recreation, infrastructure, cafes and restaurants in the park. Reviews from tourists.

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Victory Park is a large memorial complex dedicated to the victory in the Great Patriotic War. It is often called Poklonnaya Gora - after the name of the historical area in which the park is located. People's festivities are held in Victory Park on holidays, newlyweds come here to lay flowers at the memorial, and citizens and guests of the capital rush here just to take a walk, rollerblade and bike ride, and look at the fountains.

In the Museum of the Great Patriotic War - the main object of the entire complex - the “Book of Memory” department stores almost 1,500 volumes of Books of Memory, in which the names of fallen soldiers are inscribed.

How to get there

In the Moscow metro there is a station of the same name “Park Pobedy”; it is not difficult to find your way around after leaving the subway - the 140-meter stele is visible from afar.

By car you can drive up to both the main and western entrances to the park. Focus on the addresses of the street. General Ermolov, 4 and Minskaya street, property 2A, respectively.

A little history

For the first time, the proposal to create a monument to the people's feat was voiced by the architect Chernikhov during the Great Patriotic War. However, during the war this idea was not implemented. The first memorial element was installed in 1958 - it was a granite sign with the inscription “A monument to the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 will be built here.” A park was built around the sign and given the official name of Victory Park. The memorial complex itself began to be built during the time of Brezhnev. The official opening took place on May 9, 1995.

The fire that burns on Poklonnaya Hill is lit by a piece of the Eternal Flame from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

The architectural ensemble of the park consists of a WWII museum, religious memorial buildings, as well as monuments, the newest of which was opened in 2010. It was initially assumed that the monument “We were together in the fight against fascism” would be an exact copy of the memorial from Kutaisi (Georgia), which was blown up in 2009, but these plans did not materialize.

Museum of the Great Patriotic War

The Museum of the Great Patriotic War is the main object of the entire complex. Here, in the “Book of Memory” department, almost 1,500 volumes of Books of Memory are stored, in which the names of fallen soldiers are inscribed. Six dioramas on display at the museum are dedicated to the main strategic operations of the Great Patriotic War. The Hall of Glory, the Hall of Generals, the Hall of Memory and Sorrow - all of them are designed to perpetuate the memory of the tragic events in the history of our country.

The museum fund has a large number of unique items and elements of military equipment and equipment, documentary materials, as well as photographs and objects of fine art dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. Originals and copies of documents telling about the joint victory in World War II by England, the USA and other allies of the USSR, as well as many enemy documents help to more clearly restore the sad picture of the events of the war.

Data

The main alley is decorated with 1,418 fountains - the number of days the war lasted - located on five water terraces - each of them represents a year of hostilities.

In the center of Victory Park there is a stele with a height of 141.8 meters (the number is already familiar to our readers). At the top there is a statue of the goddess Nike. At the foot of the obelisk is a sculpture of St. George the Victorious slaying a serpent with a spear.

Basic moments

Victory Park is not only a memorial complex, but also a great place for recreation for citizens and guests of the capital. There are many attractions for children; those who wish can take part in a sightseeing tour carried out on a road train. An autodrome and a Virtual Cinema are open to visitors of the complex. Skateboarders and rollerbladers hone their skills on Poklonnaya Hill, and there are separate paths for cyclists in the park. Vacationers can rent electric cars, roller skates, scooters, bicycles, as well as cozy cafes and restaurants. Poklonnaya Hill constantly hosts thematic events and festivals, sporting competitions, and concerts.

The complex is located in the west of the capital, between Kutuzovsky Prospekt and Minskaya Street.

Story

Between the Setun and Filka rivers there is a gentle hill. Since ancient times, travelers traveling to Moscow along the Smolensk road had a tradition of stopping on this hill near the Russian capital and bowing to the city and its churches. Here, honors were given to eminent guests - ambassadors of foreign states, high-ranking dignitaries, and princes. These rituals gave the name to Poklonnaya Hill.

The first mentions of this place, memorable for Russians, are reflected in historical documents of the 16th century. From the chronicles it is known that in those distant times, flooded meadows stretched around the hill, belonging to the village of Trinity-Golenichevo.

Poklonnaya Hill is closely connected with the history of the country. At the beginning of the 16th century, envoys of the Crimean Khan Mengli-Girey were met in these places, and a century later, Polish invaders, marching on the Russian capital, set up their camp on the mountain. In 1812, the self-confident Napoleon waited in vain here for Muscovites with the keys to the city, and in the 40s of the last century, soldiers went to the front along the Smolensk road, so Poklonnaya Hill became a symbol of Russia’s victory over foreign aggressors.

The creation of a memorial complex on the mountain was planned back in the mid-40s of the 20th century. But in the post-war years, all the forces of the state were devoted to restoring the economy, so construction was postponed for a long time. Only at the end of the 50s was a memorial sign made of granite installed on the mountain, indicating that a memorial would be built here in honor of the victory of the Soviet people. The first trees of the future park were planted around the sign.

The complex was opened on May 9, 1995, during the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the victory over Nazi Germany.

The architectural ensemble has become a truly public construction project - funds for its construction were collected by residents of the capital with the participation of the state and government of Moscow.

Memorial Complex

All memorial and iconic buildings of Poklonnaya Gora are located in the eastern part of Victory Park on an area of ​​135 hectares.

Poklonnaya Gora greets its guests coming from the nearest metro station “Park Pobedy” with the Triumphal Arch. Initially, the structure was located on Tverskaya Zastava Square and was made of wood. The arch was erected by grateful Muscovites in 1814 for the solemn meeting of the victorious soldiers and in honor of the victory of the Russian people over Napoleon. In the 30s of the 19th century, the Triumphal Gate was completely reconstructed. The Arch was moved to Poklonnaya Hill in the 60s of the last century.

The center of the memorial complex is the round Victory Square, on which the Victory Monument is installed - an obelisk in the form of a bayonet, rising to 141.8 meters. The architects designed this height because the Great Patriotic War lasted exactly 1,418 days, and every meter of the monument reminds of a tragic and difficult time. One hundred and twenty-two meters from the ground, on the obelisk there is a 25-ton bronze statue of Nike, the goddess of Victory, and figures of angels glorifying Russian weapons. At the base of the stele there is a sculpture of St. George the Victorious, striking a serpent with a spear, which personifies evil and aggression. The obelisk is decorated with expressive bas-reliefs on a military theme and the names of hero cities, embossed in gold.

From the beginning of the central alley to the Victory Monument there are granite slabs symbolizing the years of war. On the other side, there are 15 bronze memorial steles in honor of 10 fronts of the Second World War, 3 fleets - Baltic, Northern and Black Sea, as well as partisans and home front workers. The obelisks are located in the same sequence in which military formations were located at the Victory Parade on June 22, 1945.

The park contains a grand complex of fountains with 5 hydrocascades, each of which produces 45 vertical jets. The total number of water flows symbolizes the duration of the war - 225 weeks. The bright scarlet illumination of the fountains in the evening makes this place especially dramatic, evoking associations with the blood shed by the defenders of the country.

Fountains are also located along the main alley of Victory Park; there are exactly 1,418 of them - a fountain for every day of the war. The central alley is called “Years of War”. All other alleys of the park are dedicated to military themes or participants in battles: tank crews, pilots, signalmen, defenders of Moscow, young heroes, war and labor veterans. There is also the Alley of Newlyweds, where newlyweds cement their union in a place sacred to Russians.

Victory Square is surrounded in a semicircle by another fountain group, symbolizing the joy of the winners.

Of great interest is the exhibition of military equipment and engineering and fortification structures, located in the open-air park: torpedo boats, submarine cabins, various caliber artillery installations, guns, howitzers, sea mines, German combat aircraft. In total, more than 300 samples are presented at the exhibition.

In Victory Park you can admire the world's largest flower clock, whose dial reaches 10 meters in diameter. The length of the hour hand is 3.5 meters, the minute hand is 4.5 meters. Almost 8,000 flowers are planted on the clock.

On Victory Square there is the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War, representing 50 collections with 50,000 items. Among the exhibits: weapons and military equipment from the Second World War, personal belongings of outstanding military leaders and ordinary participants in battles, trophies, letters from the defenders of the Motherland, front-line household items, a rare collection of occupation banknotes, awards, and uniforms. The museum also houses the Victory Banner, hoisted over the Reichstag on April 30, 1945.

In the Hall of Glory there is a 10-meter sculpture of the victorious Soldier, and the names of 11,763 Heroes of the Soviet Union are carved on the marble walls.

The Memory Hall contains Books of Memory - 385 volumes, where all the dead and missing are mentioned. Data about each of them can also be found from an electronic analogue. One of the main relics of the exhibition is a table from the Yalta Conference in 1945, at which Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill communicated.

In the museum, visitors examine dioramas: “Siege of Leningrad”, “Kursk Bulge”, “Storm of Berlin”, “Counter-offensive of Soviet troops near Moscow in December 1941”, “Crossing the Dnieper. 1943", "Union of fronts. Stalingrad."

In front of the museum burns the Eternal Flame, lit in April 2010, on the eve of the celebration of the 65th anniversary of the Victory.

Three temples of different religions were built on Poklonnaya Hill, symbolizing the multinationality of the country’s defenders.

The construction of the Church of St. George the Victorious began in 1993, and two years later the cathedral was consecrated by Patriarch Alexy II. Its main shrine is a particle of the relics of the Great Martyr George the Victorious, a gift from the Patriarch of Jerusalem Diodorus. The temple reminds of the main commander of the Great Patriotic War - Georgy Zhukov, whose heavenly patron was St. George. A Sunday school is opened within the walls of the sanctuary. The chapel of the Archangel Michael is also located here.

The memorial mosque, erected in honor of Muslim soldiers, was opened in 1997. Red Army soldiers from the predominantly Muslim regions of the country: Bashkiria, Tatarstan, the Caucasus and Central Asia played a major role in bringing victory closer. The mosque hosts classes and lectures, Friday sermons and night prayers during Ramadan. For believers, the premises have a room for ablutions and a library of religious literature.

The synagogue, dedicated to the history of the Jewish people and the Holocaust, was opened in 1998. The religious building houses an exhibition telling about the tragic fate of Jews during the Great Patriotic War. At the exhibition you can get acquainted with exhibits from the times of Tsarist Russia, as well as watch educational films and photographs. Russian President Boris Yeltsin was present at the opening of the synagogue.

The chapel in honor of the Spanish volunteers who fought on the Soviet fronts was built on Poklonnaya Hill in 2003.

As a sign of respect for all religions, it is planned to build a Catholic temple, an Armenian chapel and a Buddhist stupa on Poklonnaya Hill.

Victory Park is also decorated with the following sculptural compositions:

• Monument to all victims of the fascist genocide “Tragedy of Nations”;
• Monument to the Spaniards who fell in the Great Patriotic War;
• Monument to the heroes of the First World War;
• Monument to the soldiers of the countries participating in the anti-Hitler coalition (UN Secretary General Kofi Annan took part in its opening);
• Monument to a front-line dog;
• Monument “Spirit of the Elbe”, dedicated to the meeting of the Allied forces on the Elbe;
• Monument to the “Defenders of the Russian Land”;
• Monument to the Missing;
• Monument to "Internationalist Warriors".

The monument “We were together in the fight against fascism” was unveiled on December 21, 2010. The sculptural composition depicts Meliton Kantaria and Mikhail Egorov hoisting the Victory Banner over the Reichstag.

Poklonnaya Hill has long become a traditional meeting place for WWII veterans.

Victory Park is not only a memorial complex, but also a great place for recreation for citizens and guests of the capital. Families with children come here, for whom there are many attractions. Those interested can take part in a sightseeing tour carried out on a road train. An autodrome and a Virtual Cinema are open to visitors of the complex. Skateboarders and rollerbladers hone their skills on Poklonnaya Hill, and there are separate paths for cyclists in the park. Vacationers can rent electric vehicles, roller skates, scooters, bicycles, as well as cozy cafes and restaurants.

The depth of the Park Pobedy metro station, named after the park of the same name, is 84 meters, which is a record for Moscow.

Near Poklonnaya Gora there is the Kutuzov Izba, in which the famous Russian commander conferred with his generals on the eve of the Battle of Borodino. The hut was restored for the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino and a veterans’ museum was created in it. The furnishings in the room have been preserved - a Russian stove, wooden benches, an icon of the Smolensk Mother of God and a table with a model of a military map of those times. Nearby is the grave of 300 participants in the legendary battle, as well as the Battle of Borodino panorama museum. The central exhibit of the museum is a 115-meter painting by artist F.A. Rubo reenacting one of the battle fragments.

The mass of the Victory Monument is 1000 tons. During the construction of the monument, a problem arose - due to the large weight of the figure of the goddess Nike, the entire composition could collapse due to strong winds and vibration. To increase the stability of the monument, vibration dampers are installed on it, the largest of which weighs 10 tons and is located behind the back of the goddess. Also, to balance the sculptural composition, a special bunker was built in the hill below it, preventing the monument from tilting in one direction or another. The bunker contains a room in which the condition of the monument is constantly monitored.

Helpful information

Address of Poklonnaya Gora: St. Brothers Fonchenko, 10.

Directions to the metro stations "Slavyanskaya", "Park Pobedy" and "Kutuzovskaya"; by buses No. 157, 205.91 - to the Poklonnaya Gora stop.

Entrance to the territory of Poklonnaya Gora is free.

Opening hours of the Museum of the Great Patriotic War: Tuesday-Sunday - from 10.00 to 19.00, Thursday - from 10.00 to 20.00. The museum is closed on Mondays; the last Thursday of the month is a sanitary day. Tickets cost 250 rubles for adults, 200 rubles for pensioners and students, children under 18 years old are admitted free.

The museum hosts interactive military-themed games for children.

The Muslim mosque is open daily from 10 am to 9 pm.

When planning to visit Poklonnaya Gora, take warm clothes with you - it can be quite windy here even on hot summer days.

A few stops from Poklonnaya Gora along the metro line are such recreational areas of the capital as Filyovsky Park and Alexander Garden.

Poklonnaya Hill in the capital of Russia has always been one of the most important attractions of Moscow. The purpose of this memorial is to perpetuate the memory of those killed during the Second World War (Great Patriotic War). This memorial park is located between Minskaya Street and Kutuzovsky Prospekt. This is a fairly current and well-known vacation spot. This park is part of the WWII 1941-1945 Memorial.

History of Poklonnaya Gora

Between the Filka and Setun rivers, on the western side of Moscow, there is a gentle hill. Even in ancient times, travelers who followed to the city could see the capital gran right from this hill and bow in his honor. It was after such manipulations that this hill eventually began to be called Poklonnaya Gora. The first records about it can be found in historical chronicles of the 16th century. It was on the Smolensk road and it certainly became a historical milestone in history. For example, in 1812, Napoleon himself waited in this place for Moscow to be surrendered to him. And during the Second World War, soldiers went to the front along this road.

The memorial project was developed back in 1942. But it is clear that during the war and after it, it was almost impossible to carry out our plans. Since 1958, this place has been decorated with a memorial sign. At that time, Victory Park was founded. All funds for the construction of the ensemble were collected thanks to subbotniks, ordinary citizens and the support of the state together with the Moscow government. The memorial complex was inaugurated on the 50th anniversary of the USSR victory over Nazi Germany on May 9, 1995.

Various buildings and monuments

The entire memorial complex occupied an area of ​​135 hectares. On its territory there are 3 temples, the Victory Monument itself and the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War. All these structures were made as a tribute to the memory of those killed in the Second World War. The main attraction of Victory Park is Pobediteley Square, where the obelisk is located, which has a height of 141.8 meters. At the 100-meter mark there is a bronze figure of Nike (Goddess of Victory). At the foot of the obelisk, there is a statue of St. George the Victorious, who with his spear slays a snake personifying evil. The sculptures were made by Z. Tsereteli. In Victory Park there are other monuments made by other sculptors A. Bichugov - “Defenders of the Russian Land” and V. Znoba - Monument to “All the Fallen”. On the eve of the celebration of the 65th anniversary of Victory Day on April 30, 2010, the Eternal Flame was lit on Poklonnaya Hill. The torch with the flame was delivered on an armored personnel carrier accompanying columns of motorcyclists from the Eternal Flame, which is near the Kremlin wall.

Temples

His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II founded the Church of St. George the Victorious near the 1993 memorial on December 9 and later in 1995 on May 6, consecrated it personally. The project was conceived by the architect A. Polyansky and soon implemented by A. Chashkin. If you look closely at the appearance of the temple, it will immediately become clear that the Russian style intersects with some modernist elements. Patriarch Diodorus of Jerusalem donated to the temple a piece of the relics of the Great Martyr George the Victorious, which has become his shrine since 1998. There is a Sunday school at the church. Within the walls of the temple they also actively educate the children of the psychoneurological boarding school. The Church-Chapel of the Archangel Michael also belongs to the temple. There is a certain circle of people who are sure that the location of the temple was chosen very poorly, due to the fact that it is in close proximity to the goddess Nike.

The memorial mosque was inaugurated in 1997 on September 6, the day of the 850th anniversary of the founding of Moscow. During the construction of the mosque, 4 different Muslim architectural schools were combined. There is a madrasah and a community attached to the mosque.

In 1998, on September 2, the Temple of Memory - Synagogue was built and inaugurated. Israeli architect Moshe Zarhi, or rather his concept, was used in the construction of the synagogue. The President of the Russian Federation was at the opening. On the gallery of the prayer hall and on the ground floor there is a unique exhibition dedicated to the Holocaust and the entire Jewish history.

In 2003, it was decided to erect a chapel on the territory of the Memorial, which is dedicated to the Spanish volunteers who died in battle during the Second World War. In addition, it is planned to erect a Catholic temple, an Armenian chapel and a Buddhist stupa on Poklonnaya Hill.

Museum

The round Pobediteley Square stretches from Kutuzovsky Prospekt, and further along the central alley of Victory Park. The Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War is also located here. It has already been visited by several million visitors from all over the world, from the day of its opening to the present day. The museum was founded in 1986. It contains approximately 50 thousand different exhibits. The museum has 385 volumes of books that tell about those killed in that terrible war. In addition, in the museum you can find a large collection of various items, including various documents, awards and uniforms, photographs, military equipment and weapons of the Second World War. There are also works of art that are presented in the form of: posters, graphics, sculptures and paintings. The library at the museum contains more than 50 thousand publications and rare books. The museum contains the exhibition “The Path to Victory”. Visitors have the opportunity to visit the art gallery, where there are 6 dioramas that represent the 6 main battle scenes of the war. It will be very important for men to visit an exhibition of military equipment, including both domestic and foreign ones. There are also fortifications from that time. Perhaps one of the most valuable exhibits on display in the museum is the Victory Banner, which was hoisted in Berlin over the Reichstag on April 30, 1945, as a sign of victory.