Methodological development of the class hour "travel through the Krasnodar region." Open lesson on the topic: “Travel along the Kuban River “Travel along the Kuban River”
Quest – a game for teachers
"Journey along the Kuban River"
Target: increasing the professional competence of teachers in the field of using modern forms of work on the patriotic education of preschool children.
Material: Kuban courtyard; wheat ears; model of an apple tree with apples - sayings; presentation “Journey along the Kuban River”; basket with souvenirs (little doll – herbalist); treats for tea drinking - pies, fresh fruit, folk drink “Sbiten”.
Today we invite you to travel a little. Do you agree? The journey will be unusual, we will play a quest game. Quest is an entertaining team game with a storyline that involves solving various tasks. If we talk about our childhood, it’s a game with “secrets”.
And so, you and I will take a trip along the Kuban River. you will need to complete a series of tasks, as a result of which you will receive a winning spikelet. If you solve all the tasks, a surprise awaits you.
I suggest everyone put on life jackets and take a comfortable position on our ship “Kubanochka”. We're leaving!
A calm folk melody sounds in the background.
While we are traveling, a little history.
Slide No. 1
Oh! Kuban, you are my dear mother!
The edge of villages and farms.
Steppe from edge to edge
Drowning in the gold of the loaves.
It's happiness to live in the world
And I can breathe you all my life.
And meet your sunrises,
And see off the sunsets...
Kuban begins with a field - wide and endless. From the Don steppes to the ridges of the Caucasus, like a bowl slightly tilted towards the humid winds of the Black Sea, the expanses of the grain region stretch.
From time immemorial, wide fields along the banks of the fast and capricious river, which gave its name to this region, attracted and beckoned. The Kuban land heard the roar of the hooves of the Sarmatian and Polovtsian cavalry, Slide No. 2, 3 , 4 the clink of gold coins in the leather belts of Greek colonists and Genoese merchants, the mighty tread of Russian squads of Tmutarakan, wild pirates of the Tatar hordes and Ottoman Turks.
Tormented by one or the other colonialists, the aborigines of the Kuban - the Adyghe tribes - waged a bloody and unequal struggle for many years. Slide No. 5 Foreign conquerors, especially Tatars and Turks, plundered the land, ravaged Adyghe villages, captured and sold rebellious mountaineers into slavery, and took Circassian women to all the harems of the East. Exhausted by robberies and violence, the Circassians, or, as they were then called, Circassians, sought protection and help from their powerful northern brother - the Russian people.
Slide No. 6 In 1552, Circassian ambassadors arrived in Moscow to Tsar Ivan the Fourth with a request to annex Adygea to Russia. Having accepted the Circassians into its citizenship, Russia helped expel the Turks from the Azov region.
The Circassian prince Temryuk married his daughter to Ivan the Terrible, and founded his “capital” city of Temryuk on the site of the Tatar-Turkish fortress Tumnev. But before the dust had time to settle on the Russian regiments that had left the Kuban, the Tatars and Turks swooped in again and, pushing the Circassian possessions far to the east, destroyed Temryuk, and in its place they erected their fortress Adis, Slide No. 7 from which their hordes carried out devastating raids on the possessions of the Russian state. Slide No. 8 In 1720, Russian troops entered the Kuban in order to roughly punish the “basurmans” and discourage them from committing robbery in Russian lands. But individual, even successful operations could not resolve the dispute. Slide No. 9, 10 A long war ensued with Turkey.
The systematic settlement of Kuban by Russian subjects began after two Russian-Turkish wars of the 18th century. In 1778, the commander of the Caucasian Corps A.V. Suvorov, having arrived in Kuban, began to strengthen the southern borders of the state. On June 30, 1792, Catherine the Second, which became famous in the fight against the Turks, gave the Black Sea Army (the former Cossacks) the lands of the Taman Peninsula with the surrounding area between the Kuban and the Sea of Azov. Slide No. 11, 12 The Cossacks were given “the island of Phanagoria with all the land lying on the right side of the Kuban from its mouth to the Ust-Labinsk redoubt, so that on one side the Kuban River, on the other the Azov Sea to the Yeisk town served as the border of the military land...”.
Slide No. 13 The first batch of combatant Cossacks, led by S. Bely, arrived here by sea and landed in Taman on August 25, 1792. Slide No. 14, 15, 16 Decades later - after the abolition of serfdom - thousands of peasants from the central provinces of Russia moved to Kuban.
My Kuban, I hear your voice. Slide No. 17
It sounds like a swan song in my soul.
I see the image bright and alive -
We are connected by an invisible umbilical cord.
You are like a mother to me with a loving hand
You offer all your holy gifts.
Among them there are sunsets over the river, Slide No. 18
And the dawns at the mounds are golden.
Amber honey and tender vine,
Chamomile fields are charming, Slide No. 19
Ringing June thunderstorm
And lovebirds coo.
Blue fogs and dew
Stringed on feather grass by someone,
Weeping willows green braid, Slide No. 20
In the mountains there is a path winding like a ribbon.
Sea surf and trampling herds,
Yes, the aroma of hay is always intoxicating. Slide No. 21
And the sweetness of ripe, juicy kavuns. *
The Kuban spirit flying over the Motherland...
* Kavun – watermelon (Kuban balachka)
KUBAN MY
Dear Kuban, I sing tenderly
The great beauty of your land!
Holy land from end to end!
Seas, forests, fields, my land, yours!
Here the sky above you is brighter and higher
And the stars shine brighter and the moon...
No one in the world will find anything more beautiful.
The whole country is proud of you!
Your fields of wheat,
Your gardens, your sweet grapes.
Everything will be placed on a pedestal,
Sparkling with bright gold awards!
I sing to you my great love,
And music sounds in my soul...
My Kuban, with all my soul I ask
Bloom, dear, with everyone stronger during the day.
Svetlana Donchenko
So, our first stop "CONVERSATIONAL"
You are offered a proverb quiz and the following task (apple tree with apples):
"Finish the proverb"
Ataman is a community.........( strong) Be patient Cossack, -....( you will be an ataman)
Cossack without ataman.........( orphan) There are few Cossacks.........( can not be)
Not all Cossacks are atamans.....( be) On the Cossack and matting......( pretty)
Good Cossack, Bache, where...( ataman galloping) He is not a Cossack who...( afraid of dogs)
Resigned from post-......( missed the enemy) A good Cossack does not disdain....( What
Anything and it cracks)
Well done, you completed the task well, earned your first winning spikelet and our journey continues.
Music is playing in the background.
Slide number 22 The Kuban River flows through the entire territory of our region. Its beginning is considered to be the confluence of two rivers Ullukam and Uchkulan, flowing from under the glaciers of Mount Elbrus. The length of Kuban is 870 kilometers, of which more than 700 kilometers fall on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory.
Kuban river
We live. Earth in new clothes Slide No. 23
Sings its eternal hymn to spring.
Kuban in the reed channels
He sings along to her half asleep.
River. Gorgeous. Minx.
Drinker of young bread.
Lands of Cossack bustle,
A friend of the steppe feather grass.
He will wake up. The flow will bubble up, Slide No. 24
Swallowing melted mountain snow.
Breaking the reeds inadvertently,
Will speed up full-flowing running.
Deep secrets of the earthly sorceress, Slide No. 25
Mistress of the steep banks,
A songbird of the rarest beauty, Slide No. 26
Bow to you from everyone alive.
Svetlana Donchenko
Look at the huge path the river travels: first it flows in the mountains, then through the forest-steppe, then through the steppe and flows into the Sea of Azov. The history of the river is very ancient, there are many beautiful legends about it, listen to one of them.
From the North Caucasus Mountains a river has flowed since ancient times. Along the banks of the river, in the forests, lived a wonderful bird - Kuban. She was small, not very bright, but her voice sounded so that the sun rose in the soul of the one who heard it. Local residents loved to listen to the singing of this bird. “Let’s go,” they said, “to the river, let’s listen to the Kuban bird!” Then the river began to be called Kuban in honor of this fabulous bird. Her voice still sounds on the river bank, but not everyone can hear it.
Hence the land is called Kuban, and the inhabitants are called Kuban Cossacks.
The wayward people of Kuban, multinational. It was here that the mixing of cultures, the mixing of cuisine, the mixing of traditions took place. But the basic traditions of our Cossacks remain unchanged. And you will now become acquainted with one such tradition.
Next is ours stop "GAME". And we will play the Kuban folk game:
"The Cossack's Dream"
A “Cossack” is selected from the players and stands in the middle of the circle. The “Cossack” is blindfolded, or he closes them himself. Children move in a circle saying:
Who is chasing devils in the morning,
He sings sonorous songs,
Prevents Cossack from sleeping
And shouts “Ku-ka-re-ku”?
One of those standing in the circle crows like a cock, trying to change his voice. The Cossack, opening his eyes, tries to guess who is shouting. If he succeeds, he takes the screaming person into the middle of the circle. Game continues:
All the cows in the yard
We broke up at dawn.
No one understands
Why "Mu-Mu, Moo-Mu."
The one standing in the circle moos, the Cossack guesses and takes him into his circle. Game continues:
So the Cossack fell asleep again,
But he won't sleep long.
Duck ducks for a reason
Teaches to quack “quack-quack-quack.”
The action is repeated - the Cossack takes the “duck”.
Tired of the Cossack
Quack-quack-quack" with "Ku-ka-re-ku."
- I won't go to bed anymore
I will catch up with you!
At the end of the words, the players forming a round dance raise their hands - “collars”, and the Cossack catches up with those players whom he took into the circle.
Well done! We also completed the second task! Get your second winning spikelet.
And now we are back on the road and our journey along the river continues.
Many villages and farmsteads were built on the land of the Kuban. And wherever you look there is a sea of wheat fields.
And over the Kuban poplars, Slide No. 27
And willows in three girths,
And all the fields, fields, fields
Until sunset. Slide No. 28
...Wheat whispers with the rain
And looks at the road.
Summer is on the rise
And the ripe ear touches.
And in every grain there are fields Slide No. 29
And willows in three girths,
And in each there is a generous land
From sunrise to sunset.
T. Golub
Slide No. 30, 31 The turbulent life of the Cossacks flowed on both sides of the river. An ordinary morning reigns in the Cossack huts: having crossed themselves at the icons of the red corner, everyone is in a hurry to wash, get dressed and get down to business, but the villagers have a lot to do. Slide No. 32 The grain harvested from the fields must be stored in barns, and the harvested hay must be stored in bins for the winter.
Haymaking
Hello, haymaker,
What did you bring with you?
- Hard work of skilled people,
Conversations of sharp braids.
- Tell me, haymaker,
What else did you bring with you?
- Aromas of dried herbs
And the sparkle of sonorous roses!
- Hay-hay-haymaking!
Is your mowing good?
- I cut hay for the cows -
What a huge cart!
V. Nesterenko
Slide No. 33 The dough started in the evening crawls out of the clay makitr and hurries into the oven; Slide No. 34 juicy, ripe vegetables languish in the gardens and await harvest; milk milked early in the morning asks for churns. Slide No. 35 In September, there is less work in the field, and many Cossacks rush to hunt or fish in the morning.
I invite you to to "KUBANSKAYA STANITSA" Slide No. 36
Cossack girl (presenter-educator) comes out into the middle of the hall accompanied by folk music.
Cossack woman: Good afternoon to all good people!
Let him be like that for everyone.
Hello, invited and welcome guests!
Guests are welcome as if they were good news!
According to the good Russian tradition
We welcome everyone, we warmly welcome you!
Slide No. 37 Under a Cossack song, children come out in pairs into the middle of the hall and stand in a semicircle near the central wall.
Reb: How many fabulous places does Russia have?
Russia has countless cities!
Maybe somewhere it’s more beautiful,
But it won’t be more dear than here.
Reb: You bloom, my Kuban,
Become more and more beautiful.
Cossack honor will not be compromised
Our generation.
Reb: We are growing the country to glory
Under the Kuban sky.
We will glorify the Kuban region
Bogatyrsky bread!
Song “COSSACK” - M.R. No. 1-16 p.44
During the last loss, the children sit down on chairs.
Eh, Cossacks, Cossacks,
Wild heads!
Yes, and the horses are under them
Hooves are clattering!
As they jump and run,
The Cossacks are singing!
Look, there are Cossack women there
Necks will be twisted!
They fall in love, spinning,
Let them show off, laughing!
The rocker arms will be forgotten
Ours are at the fence.
They'll come running to parties
Round dances will start,
Don't wait, mom, soon,
They'll come in the dark.
Dance "COSSACK CHAT"
After the dance there is music. Children stand in a semicircle near the central wall.
Reb: The Kuban expanses are good,
The generous land is fertile.
The fields are vast, like the sea,
Cossack land, my homeland!
Song “COSSACK COSSACK, COSSACK MY SWEET FRIEND”
There is no flour in the barn, and there is no water on the river.
My mother sent me to reap spring crops,
But I didn’t press, I lay on my bed.
I fell and lay there, looking in all directions.
I looked back, there was a Cossack standing behind me.
Cossack-Cossack, dear Cossack friend,
Walk more often, and carry more.
When it’s a ruble, when it’s two, when it’s one and a half rubles.
To the barn for flour, and to the river for water.
There is no flour in the barn, and there is no water on the river.
(Each line of the verse is repeated 2 times).
A Cossack woman comes out into the middle of the hall with a loaf of bread in her hands.
Slide No. 39
Cossack woman: We sang and danced for you.
Our guests, you're not tired, are you?
Here comes the third task...
We have prepared a test for you.
Come out and dance.
Show us the moves.
The presenter explains the task.
Cossack woman: How great it worked out for all of us!
The guys learned a lot!
Here is the third spikelet
You've earned a lot of money!
Presenter: We all played well and earned some money. And here is the promised surprise. (The Cossack girl brings out a surprise in a basket and talks about it)
Cossack woman: Testaments of antiquity in the Cossack family
Kept sacred from time immemorial.
The custom of hospitality of rich kurens
He glorified the land of his own fathers.
Bread and salt to you, dear guests! We invite everyone to taste the magnificent loaf!
To the music, children leave the hall to join the group.
(The host invites all guests to the table to taste apple pies and the old Cossack drink “Sbiten”. The Cossack woman talks about sbiten).
Shchukina Olga Alekseevna, teacher, Kropotkin.
Educational area: cognitive development.
Kind of activity: directly – educational.
Age group: pre-school group.
Target: development of curiosity, formation of primary ideas about the small homeland and its nature.
Program content
Educational objectives:
Generate interest in cognitive activities;
introduce children to the Kuban River, the main body of water in the Krasnodar Territory, and give an idea of its inhabitants and the flora of the coastal zone.
Educational:
Develop curiosity, observation, attention;
develop interest in artistic expression, the beauty of poetic images and comparisons.
Educational:
To cultivate love for the small homeland and respect for its natural resources.
Preliminary work: Excursion to the local history museum, viewing postcards with views of the city of Krasnodar. Examination of illustrations depicting trees, shrubs, plants, animals, fish, birds and other types of flora and fauna of the Krasnodar region. Excursions into nature. Reading works of fiction, learning songs and poems about the Krasnodar region.
Vocabulary work: Expand vocabulary by getting to know local natural objects.
Materials and equipment:“Motor ship”, multimedia projector, presentations: “Kuban open spaces”, “The fourth odd one. Fish"; tape recorder, sound recording of bird voices; illustrations depicting meadow plants, trees and leaf cards for these trees.
Progress of activities.
Educator:“Children, today we will go traveling along the river, which is the largest in our region.”
What is the name of our region? (Krasnodar or Kuban)
— And the largest river in the Kuban is also called ... (Kuban).
The Kuban River originates in the Caucasus Mountains, on Elbrus and carries its waters thousands of kilometers to the Sea of Azov. At first it flows through gorges.
- How else can you say about her? (rushes, splashes, runs, jumps, rolls, etc.)
- How does it flow? (Fast, swift, noisy, playful, etc.)
- Why? (Because of the rocks).
-Where does the river flow after coming down from the mountains? (On the plain).
The river connects the fertile right bank with the hills of the Kuban region.
- How does the river carry its waters here? (Smoothly, slowly, calmly, quietly, etc.)
— What part of Kuban do you think is convenient to travel in the mountains or the flat part? (In the flat part, since the ship will not be able to sail in the mountains).
You and I will swim to the end of the river.
— Where does the current of the Kuban end? (In the Sea of Azov).
To get on the ship, you need to go to the pier, which is located in our regional center... (Krasnodar). Let's remember what Krasnodar looks like to make it easier for us to navigate.
(This is a large city with tall buildings. There are theaters, shops, museums, factories, parks, hospitals, exhibition halls, institutes, etc.)
We will go along Krasnaya Street to the embankment and board the ship.
Children pretend to be transport, move to the music room and take seats on the “ship”.
Educator: " Guys, look at the beautiful view of the Kuban expanses that opened up to us.” /Display of multimedia “Kuban open spaces”./
1 child: The sun soared over the fields.
The light swirls over the river,
And around, wherever you look -
The Kuban region, my native.
2nd child: Mighty mountains, steppe expanses.
The edge of the seaside coast.
Forests and glades, gardens and estuaries.
All this is our native Kuban.
Child 3: Mighty songs fly into the sky.
The open sky is blue.
And Russia has no more beautiful land,
What is ours - our native Kuban.
Educator: " Our Krasnodar has already been left behind, what can we see on the right side of the Kuban?” (Steppes plowed into fields where bread, vegetables, sunflowers, corn, sugar beets grow. Forest belts and gardens are planted there.)
- Children, look how many fish are splashing in the waters of the Kuban.
The game "Fourth wheel" is played. /Multimedia/
(Children name the fish and find an extra one that does not live in the Kuban River.)
Educator:“Children, if we look at the left bank, then there we will see beyond the Kuban plain. It's hilly. Near the mountains we see forests and groves where different trees and shrubs grow. Name them. (Oak, Linden, willow, maple, poplar, ash, chestnut, rose hip, hawthorn, hazel, thorn).
“And this is beech, hornbeam, dogwood, elderberry.”
Didactic game: “Recognize a tree by its leaf.”
Educator: Here we are sailing past the reserve, which is located on the right bank of the Kuban and is called “Red Forest”. The reserve is guarded by foresters and rangers. You cannot hunt in it or spoil plants. Let us get off the ship and walk very carefully and quietly through the forest so as not to scare away the animals that are hiding behind the trees and bushes.
-What animals do you see? (Wolf, bear, fox, hare, jackal, squirrel, roe deer, wild boar, raccoon dog, badger, aurochs, lynx, bison, hedgehog, mole, hamster, field mice).
- And look who lives there near the water? (Beavers, otters, muskrats, water rats, snakes, turtles).
A phonogram of forest noise and birdsong sounds.
Educator: " Let’s walk along the lawn and admire the meadow flowers.”
A didactic game is being played: “Name the plant”(according to the image).
(coltsfoot, oregano, knotweed, plantain, chamomile, marshmallow, St. John's wort, nettle, dandelion, clover).
Educator: " How many insects are there, name them.” (Dragonfly, wasp, bee, ant, grasshopper, butterfly, mosquito, fly, beetle, bumblebee)
Musical game: “Flowers and Bumblebees”(to the soundtrack).
Educator:“We’ll board the ship and sail along the river to the floodplains. Floods are formed from river overflows in low-lying areas. And now we are in the estuaries. Estuaries are small bodies of water connecting the sea and the river.
“Who do we see here?” (Geese, ducks, wagtails, herons, otters, muskrats).
Educator: Here is the Sea of Azov. Our journey ends. We saw how rich our region is. We will return home, we will remember the beauty of our native spaces, their inhabitants and remember that animals and plants decorate our lives and bring great benefits, so we must protect and protect them, not destroy them.
For such lovers of short-term travel, several routes are offered. They, as a rule, do not require special tourist preparation (just think about the overnight stay!), most of them are suitable for traveling with children.
If the description does not indicate an escape route, then it is recommended to return along the same path. The length of our route is indicated in both directions.
1. To the top of Sober-Oashkh. One of the most popular routes. The walking route begins behind the village of Ubinskaya (54 km from Krasnodar; regular bus from the bus station on Gogol Street near the Cooperative Market). Along a comfortable wide path we go to Sosnovaya Polyana or to the spring at Zvezdnaya Polyana. Then climb to the top (739 m), relax in the meadows, and get to know the surrounding nature. In winter there are wonderful slopes for skiing.
The length of the route is 15 km (1-2 days).
The Akhtsu gorge is one of the most majestic and deep in the Caucasus. Located in the middle reaches of the Mzymta River. The length is 3 km, the deepest place is up to 800 m. The Adler-Krasnaya Polyana highway was built over the river at the end of the 19th century, which winds at such a height that its valley below seems like an abyss. At the narrowest point of the gorge, the road disappears into a 100-meter tunnel, and the rock hanging overhead is called “Carry it, Lord!” At the beginning of the gorge on the left bank of the Mzymta, the Akhtsu tourist shelter fits into the landscape. In the fall of 2000, the All-Russian festival of tourist clubs on sports tourism (hiking, mountain, cycling) was held here.
On the last day on the way to the sea, we drove through the Stavropol and Krasnodar territories. There are very few photos from this day.
A freshly repaired highway somewhere in the Stavropol region. I think I already said it, but it’s worth mentioning again that along our entire route across Russia (more than 3,000 kilometers), with a few exceptions, there were good or excellent roads. The exceptions were sections of roads being repaired and roads of regional importance in the Bryansk region (but they were also being repaired there).
Sunflower fields were often visible along the road.
Unusual bus stop pavilion.
Nicholas Church built in 1856 in the village of Dmitrievskoye (Krasnogvardeisky district of Stavropol). In 1909, the population of the village reached almost 15 thousand people. There were three temples, several schools and colleges, dozens of shops. Now there are less than 3 thousand inhabitants.
Road repair.
Strong brick houses with a hipped roof behind solid fences are typical of Kuban. Many of them are still pre-revolutionary. The roof ridge is often decorated with an openwork metal strip.
“If there is a heaven in the world, this is...”
People here live comfortably. Many Kuban residents set up shops right in their backyards.
Krasnodar, where we stopped at the store. It seemed like a rich city.
We are leaving Krasnodar.
Highway M-4 leading from Moscow to Novorossiysk. When leaving Krasnodar, some passes through Adygea. There are many spontaneous markets on the roadsides where honey and the famous Adyghe cheese are sold.
Soon the mountains appear. Caucasus! Here he is short.
After the ascent, we overcome the Khrebtovy pass (360 m), thus crossing the Caucasian watershed and the border between Europe and Asia according to another version.
And descent. Already in the dark in front of Dzhubga we find ourselves in a large traffic jam. Here for the first time on this trip we saw a car with Belarusian license plates.
Late in the evening we finally reach the campsite in the Betta area.
Irina Vlasova
Target: instilling love for the native land.
Program content: Give an idea about Kuban River as the largest and most beautiful river of the Krasnodar region. Show the greatness of the river Kuban and the beauty of those places where it flows. Introduce: with a geographical map of the Krasnodar Territory, show on it the largest and most abundant river - Kuban: where it originates, where it flows; with the flora and fauna of the river. Foster a sense of pride in our great river.
Material: recording of the anthem of the Krasnodar region; geographical map of the Krasnodar region; photographs of fish, birds, wild animals living on Kuban River; set of pictures "Birds", "Fish"; video clip about Kuban River.
Progress of the lesson:
The first verse of the Krasnodar anthem sounds the edges:
Oh, Kuban, you are our Motherland!
Our age-old hero
High-water, free-flowing
You have spread out into all its breadth.
Guys, you have now listened to the first verse of the anthem of our region in which we live. What is the name of our region? (Krasnodar) What is another name for our region? (Kuban) How many of you know why they call it that? (due to the river Kuban) Right.
Look at the map of the Krasnodar region; a river flows through the entire territory of the region.
Its beginning is considered to be the confluence of two rivers Ullukam and Uchkulan, flowing from under the glaciers of Mount Elbrus. Length Kuban – 870 kilometers, of which more than 700 kilometers fall on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory. Look what a huge journey it takes river: first flows in the mountains, then through the forest-steppe, then through the steppe and flows into the Sea of Azov. The history of the river is very ancient, there are many beautiful legends about it, listen to one of them.
A river has flowed from the North Caucasus Mountains since ancient times. Along the banks of the river, in the forests, lived a wonderful bird - Kuban. She was small, not very bright, but her voice sounded so that the sun rose in the soul of the one who heard it. Local residents loved to listen to the singing of this bird. Let's go, they said, to the river, Let's listen to the Kuban bird! Then they began to call the river Kuban in honor of this fabulous bird. Her voice still sounds on the river bank, but not everyone can hear it.
Vos-l: Today, guys, I suggest you go to trip along the Kuban River, on the boat. Come on in, take your seats, put on your life jackets, but before we go journey, let's remember the rules of behavior on river(don’t make noise, don’t throw garbage into the water and on the shore, don’t throw stones at frogs and birds) Is everyone ready? Let's start our journey.
(viewing slides accompanied by a story) In the upper reaches Kuban shallow, fast. In the middle and lower reaches its depth is significant, the banks become gentle. The vegetation of the banks is very diverse - reeds, reeds, and cattails grow here. Rich and diverse animal life world:
Rudd. A schooling fish of the carp family. On Kuban considered a trash fish.
Pike is common. This predator lives in coastal thickets, where it waits for its prey.
Roach lives in fresh waters and overgrown algae. Roach in the Azov-Black Sea basin is called ram
And in overgrown reservoirs there are golden crucian carp. It has a tall body of golden color, with a light belly. Silver crucian carp is no different from gold carp, only in color. Lives in the same places, eats the same.
Catfish is the largest fish in Russia. Its length is about three meters and its weight is about one hundred kilograms. It feeds on fish, frogs, and waterfowl.
Pike perch - Large fish of the perch family, in Azov they grow up to 10-15 kg. It feeds on fish, preferably with a narrow body.
Bream - moves in schools, mainly in deep places. It feeds on both plant and animal food.
Crayfish - feeds on algae and fresh aquatic plants. Crayfish hunt at night. During the day, it hides in shelters (under stones, tree roots, in holes or any objects lying on the bottom, which it protects from other crayfish. It crawls, crayfish, backing away. In case of danger, it stirs up the silt with the help of its caudal fin and swims away with a sharp movement.
Heron - there are several species of this bird - white, gray, yellow, red, as well as night herons and bitterns, both large and small. Herons are migratory birds; they feed on fish, frogs and small animals.
Great cormorants are also found in these parts - very large birds that live on estuaries. This is not an ordinary bird species, as their appearance is quite unusual. The cormorant has a long neck, black shiny plumage and wide wings. He eats about one and a half kilograms of fish per day. Cormorants are excellent swimmers and can dive well.
In the same places you can see the mute swan, whose weight can reach up to 13 kilograms, and its wing length is about 70 centimeters. Such swans practically do not make a sound, but simply hiss, hence the funny name. They feed on plant roots and small aquatic invertebrates.
The avocet bird also lives on lakes and ponds. This is a very beautiful bird, black and white in color, with long legs that have a bluish tint. It feeds on small invertebrates, which it obtains with the help of its long beak.
This bird has a massive body, long curved wings, a slightly downward curved beak and well-developed swimming membranes on its legs. Seagulls obtain food both on water and on land. They love to hunt for fish, shellfish, crustaceans, flying and aquatic insects, and can even destroy bird nests.
The pelican is clumsy, with a massive body, large wings, short thick legs with a wide membrane between the toes, and a short rounded tail. The neck is long, the beak has a hook at the end. On the underside of the beak there is a well-stretchable leather bag used for catching fish. Their color is light - white, grayish, often with a pink tint.
In the Krasnodar Territory, a bird lives in reservoirs with the interesting name of the great grebe, or as it is called differently - the great grebe. The great grebe. The great grebe usually lives in thickets near the water, and it earned this name because its meat smells very strongly of fish. In general, this is a very beautiful bird - its back, neck and top of its head are dark brown, its cheeks are gray, and on its head there is a beautiful crest of a mixture of black and red feathers. She swims and dives very well, and builds her own nests in the water from reeds and cattails. If a great grebe leaves her nest, then, like a caring mother, she always covers it with aquatic plants to protect it from unexpected guests and the sun's rays. When her chicks appear, she carries them on her back for two whole weeks, sometimes going down to the water. The great grebe feeds on various mollusks and fish.
The jungle cat is larger than any of the domestic representatives cats: reaches 60-90 cm in length, weight from 8 to 12 kg. The body of the jungle cat is relatively short, the legs are high, the tail is not long (21-30 cm, and there are small tufts on the ears.
The jungle cat is perfectly adapted to living in dense thickets of reeds and thorny bushes along the low-lying banks of rivers, lakes and seas. The cat avoids open spaces, although in summer it constantly visits lumpy sands overgrown with saxaul near its habitat.
The otter leads a semi-aquatic lifestyle, swimming, diving and getting food in the water. An otter can stay underwater for 3-4 minutes.
It lives mainly in forest rivers rich in fish, less often in lakes and ponds. Found on the sea coast. It prefers rivers with whirlpools, with rapids that do not freeze in winter, with washed-out banks littered with windbreaks, where there are many reliable shelters and places for making burrows. Sometimes it makes its lairs in caves or, like a nest, in thickets near the water. The entrance holes of its burrows open under water.
In winter, when fish stocks are depleted and wormwood freezes, it is forced to wander, sometimes directly crossing high watersheds. At the same time, the otter descends from the slopes, rolling down on its belly and leaving a characteristic trace in the form of a gutter. On ice and snow it travels up to 15-20 km per day.
The otter feeds mainly on fish (carp, pike, trout, roach, gobies, and prefers small fish. In winter, it eats frogs, and quite regularly, caddis fly larvae. In summer, in addition to fish, it catches water voles and other rodents; in some places it systematically hunts waders and ducks.
Resurrection: Now let's make a stop, go out to the sandy shore, relax and play. Physical education minute “We quickly went down to the river...”
Di "Listen and guess". Pictures of birds are hung on the board; children use the descriptions to find and name the birds.
Questions:
1. Clumsy, with a massive body, large wings, short thick legs with a wide membrane between the toes, a short rounded tail. The neck is long, the beak has a hook at the end. On the underside of the beak there is a well-stretchable leather bag used for catching fish. (pelican)
2. This bird has a massive body, long curved wings, a slightly downward curved beak and well-developed swim membranes on its legs. They love to hunt for fish, shellfish, crustaceans, flying and aquatic insects, and can even destroy bird nests. (gull)
3. There are several species of this bird - white, gray, yellow, red, as well as night herons and bitterns, both large and small. They feed on fish, frogs and small animals.
4. These birds practically do not make any sound, but simply hiss. They feed on plant roots and small aquatic invertebrates. (swan)
Di "Fisherman".
Children use a magnet rod to catch fish and name them.
Vos-l: Guys, it’s time for us to return to kindergarten, take your seats. I suggest once again admiring our beautiful river (video clip).
Vos-l: Guys, did you like our trip along the Kuban River? What do you remember, what new things did you learn? (discussion in progress)