What religion do the Philippines profess? Philippines. Philippine Catholic Church
Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia
Protestantism
The number of Protestants in the country is growing steadily. The largest Protestant denomination is the United Church of Christ in the Philippines, which in 1929 united Methodists, Presbyterians, Congregationalists, United Brethren, supporters of the Christian and Missionary Alliance and some Baptists. Currently includes 1.5 million believers. Baptists were brought to the Philippines by American missionaries in 1898 and now this denomination has 350 thousand believers. The Pentecostal movement is represented by the Assemblies of God, the Church of God, the Church of the Fourfold Gospel, the Church of All Nations, the Church of Jesus the Lord, the United Pentecostal Church, the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, etc.
Jehovah's Witnesses are engaged in active missionary work.
Philippine Catholic Church
The Independent Philippine Church was founded by Gregorio Aglipay, a Catholic priest and Philippine independence activist, in 1902 as the Catholic National Philippine Church. Its appearance was caused by the pro-Spanish position of the Catholic church leadership during the Philippine War of Independence from Spain. In turn, the Catholic Church deprived G. Aglipay of the priesthood in 1899.
The independent Philippine Church does not recognize the supreme authority of the Vatican; it is headed by the Metropolitan. It also denies celibacy and for some time questioned the sanctity of the Trinity, but in 1947 the Aglipayans (the church is named after its founder) officially declared that they accepted the dogma of the Trinity. Among the saints of the Independent Philippine Church are many fighters and martyrs of the liberation war who fell in battles with the Spaniards and Americans.
Currently, the church has about 4 million believers in its ranks. In addition to the Philippines, Aglipayan communities also exist in the United States and Canada. The Independent Philippine Church maintains close ties with the Anglican Church and the Old Catholic Churches.
Orthodox Church
Islam
The Muslim minority (5% of the population) mainly lives in the south of the country. Relations between the Christian and Muslim communities are tense, there is competition for the minds of believers, and among Muslims there is a growing number of people who want to regain their once-lost statehood. (Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao). Islam was brought to the Philippines as early as 1210 by Arab merchants and spread mainly on the island of Mindanao, where two sultanates appeared by the 15th century.
Write a review on the article "Religion in the Philippines"
Notes
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
An excerpt characterizing Religion in the Philippines
“Yes, I’m sick,” she answered.In response to the count's worried questions about why she was so killed and whether anything had happened to her fiancé, she assured him that nothing was wrong and asked him not to worry. Marya Dmitrievna confirmed Natasha’s assurances to the Count that nothing had happened. The count, judging by the imaginary illness, by the disorder of his daughter, by the embarrassed faces of Sonya and Marya Dmitrievna, clearly saw that something was going to happen in his absence: but he was so scared to think that something shameful had happened to his beloved daughter, he He loved his cheerful calm so much that he avoided asking questions and kept trying to assure himself that nothing special had happened and was only grieving that due to her ill health their departure to the village had been postponed.
From the day his wife arrived in Moscow, Pierre was preparing to go somewhere, just so as not to be with her. Soon after the Rostovs arrived in Moscow, the impression that Natasha made on him made him hasten to fulfill his intention. He went to Tver to see the widow of Joseph Alekseevich, who promised long ago to give him the papers of the deceased.
When Pierre returned to Moscow, he was given a letter from Marya Dmitrievna, who called him to her place on a very important matter concerning Andrei Bolkonsky and his fiancee. Pierre avoided Natasha. It seemed to him that he had a feeling for her stronger than that which a married man should have for the bride of his friend. And some kind of fate constantly brought him together with her.
"What happened? And what do they care about me? he thought as he got dressed to go to Marya Dmitrievna. Prince Andrei would come quickly and marry her!” thought Pierre on the way to Akhrosimova.
On Tverskoy Boulevard someone called out to him.
- Pierre! How long have you arrived? – a familiar voice shouted to him. Pierre raised his head. In a pair of sleighs, on two gray trotters throwing snow at the tops of the sleigh, Anatole flashed by with his constant companion Makarin. Anatole sat upright, in the classic pose of military dandies, covering the bottom of his face with a beaver collar and bending his head slightly. His face was ruddy and fresh, his hat with a white plume was put on one side, revealing his hair, curled, pomaded and sprinkled with fine snow.
“And rightly so, here is a real sage! thought Pierre, he sees nothing beyond the present moment of pleasure, nothing disturbs him, and that is why he is always cheerful, content and calm. What would I give to be like him!” Pierre thought with envy.
In Akhrosimova’s hallway, the footman, taking off Pierre’s fur coat, said that Marya Dmitrievna was being asked to come to her bedroom.
Opening the door to the hall, Pierre saw Natasha sitting by the window with a thin, pale and angry face. She looked back at him, frowned and with an expression of cold dignity left the room.
- What's happened? - asked Pierre, entering Marya Dmitrievna.
“Good deeds,” answered Marya Dmitrievna: “I’ve lived fifty-eight years in the world, I’ve never seen such shame.” - And taking Pierre’s word of honor to remain silent about everything that he learns, Marya Dmitrievna informed him that Natasha refused her fiancé without the knowledge of her parents, that the reason for this refusal was Anatol Kuragin, with whom her wife set Pierre up, and with whom she wanted to run away in the absence of his father, in order to get married secretly.
Pierre, with his shoulders raised and his mouth open, listened to what Marya Dmitrievna was telling him, not believing his ears. The bride of Prince Andrei, so deeply loved, this formerly sweet Natasha Rostova, should exchange Bolkonsky for the fool Anatole, already married (Pierre knew the secret of his marriage), and fall in love with him so much as to agree to run away with him! “Pierre couldn’t understand this and couldn’t imagine it.”
The sweet impression of Natasha, whom he had known since childhood, could not combine in his soul with the new idea of her baseness, stupidity and cruelty. He remembered his wife. “They are all the same,” he said to himself, thinking that he was not the only one who had the sad fate of being associated with a nasty woman. But he still felt sorry for Prince Andrey to the point of tears, he felt sorry for his pride. And the more he pitied his friend, the more contempt and even disgust he thought about this Natasha, who was now walking past him in the hall with such an expression of cold dignity. He did not know that Natasha’s soul was filled with despair, shame, humiliation, and that it was not her fault that her face accidentally expressed calm dignity and severity.
Population of the Philippines
“...smart, brave and cheerful disposition...”
Peter Debel, Russian Consul in the Philippines about the Filipinos, 19th century.
Population
The Philippines is the 12th most populous country in the world. In 2009, more than 92 million people lived in the republic. About 11 million more Filipinos are living outside their historical homeland.
Expected population growth is 1.957% per year.
The average life expectancy of Filipinos is 71.23 years (73.6 for women and 69.8 for men).
Age composition:
- 0-14 years: 35.2% (males 17,606,352/females 16,911,376)
- 15-64 years: 60.6% (men 29,679,327/women 29,737,919)
- 65 years and over: 4.1% (men 1,744,248/women 2,297,381) ( forecast for 2009)
Average age: 22.5 years (men: 22, women: 23 years) ( forecast for 2009)
Ethnic composition
The majority of the population (95%) are Austronesian peoples, Malays, in some places with an admixture of Chinese blood. Ethnically, the closest relatives of the Filipinos are apparently the indigenous inhabitants of Taiwan. 3-4% of Filipinos have European or American ancestors.
Main ethnic groups: Ilocanos (Ilocans), Pangasinan, Pampangans, Tagalogs, Bicols (Bicols), Visayas. In the southern regions of the Philippines live peoples who profess Islam, called Moros in Spanish (i.e., “Moors”).
A very small part of the population (about 30 thousand people) consists of the first indigenous population of the archipelago - the Negritos.
Among the large non-indigenous and mixed population groups, one can note a very large Chinese diaspora, mestizos (a consequence of 300 years of Spanish rule in the Philippines), Mexicans, Americans, Arabs, Indians, Japanese, Jews, Koreans, etc.
Languages
Most of the local languages in the Philippines belong to the Malayo-Polynesian group of Austronesian languages. The most common languages are Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon, Bicol, Kapampangan, Waray-Waray. According to modern ideas, the Philippine languages do not represent some kind of genetic unity, but are combined with some Indonesian languages into the Borneo-Filipino language group.
The official languages are Filipino (Filipino or Pilipino) - essentially a variant of Tagalog - and English.
Until 1973, Spanish was also the official language; several creole languages are based on it, but there are currently not very many native speakers of Spanish in the Philippines.
Chinese, Arabic, Japanese, etc. are also in circulation.
Religion
The Philippines is the only Christian country in Asia. About 80% of the population are Catholics, 10% are Protestants of various denominations. About 5% of the population (mainly in the south of the country) professes Islam. Buddhists make up about 3%.
Filipino values
The Filipinos, throughout their rich history, have developed a set of values that bind them together as a national and cultural unity. The formation of ideals was influenced by many things: Asian origin, geographical isolation, and the influence of foreigners (and especially Christianity). Some Filipino values may seem like weaknesses in today's cynical world, but they continue to be a unifying link.
- Family. Family is the most important thing for a Filipino; it is truly the “unit of society” that forms the basis of the Philippine nation. Filipinos try to live in their clans and work as a family in one place. Filipinos have a special attitude towards old people.
- Politeness. Filipinos are always polite.
- Hospitality. Filipinos always try to offer the best to their guests, even at the expense of themselves.
- Gratitude. The Filipino does not forget about good deeds towards himself and tries to “repay” good for good.
- Shame. For a Filipino, his own reputation or the honor of his family are of great importance and he can do anything just not to feel shame.
- Flexibility, adaptability, resourcefulness. An optimistic outlook on life and the ability to find a way out of difficult situations were important mechanisms that allowed Filipinos to survive in various conditions. Filipinos are tolerant, calmly accept uncertainty, and can adapt to new things.
- Loyalty. Filipinos are faithful in their relationships.
- Work. It is generally accepted that Filipinos are good workers, including in hard physical work. The Filipino is capable of great personal sacrifice.
- Humility. The Filipino is submissive to fate and believes in God.
The informal name for Filipinos both in the Philippines and abroad is Pinoy.
Some Filipinos are Protestants or members of other Christian denominations. Others belong to religious organizations such as the Iglesia ni Cristo (literally translated as “Church of Christ”). Some practice Islam and many other beliefs. However, the predominant religion in the Philippines is Catholicism. Also intertwined with many of these religions are pre-colonial beliefs and traditions.
Many religions are generally able to coexist in harmony in the Philippines, even when there are several outbreaks of conflict that are subsequently reflected in the international press. The southern island of Mindanao provides a promising example of how interfaith relations can work. Although Mindanao was once rocked by Christian-Muslim wars, especially in the 1970s, Christians and Muslims now generally get along with each other and try to resolve conflicts peacefully.
No matter what faith they belong to, religiosity is second nature to most Filipinos. In almost every Catholic home you will find a copy of the Bible and images of the Last Supper, a cross and saints, or other religious images.
Most Filipinos believe in God and feel something akin to a kinship with the Divine person, but they may express this in different ways. For Catholics, this manifests itself in attending Sunday mass or participating in various Catholic rituals and festivals. There is also a tendency, especially in the provinces, to practice folk beliefs in addition to Catholicism.
Let us give one typical example, which is a constant source of interest for foreigners. Every year there is an event that takes place in the provinces during Holy Week, the week before Easter, which includes Catholic religious holidays such as Palm Sunday, Maundy Thursday and Good Friday. So, at these holidays there are real crosses and nails! The Catholic Church does not encourage these extreme practices, but they still exist as part of Filipino folk beliefs. The crucifixion is usually made as a promise, to earn a blessing from the Almighty, or as an expression of gratitude for the grace bestowed.
More traditional Catholic ceremonies such as baptism and weddings are also important to many Filipinos. The significance of these rites here helps to explain why the local people usually take great pains to celebrate them.
As in other countries, these rituals sometimes stray from the traditional mainstream and become less focused on spiritual significance rather than ostentatious displays designed to maintain status. For example, parents may postpone the baptism of a child for the simple reason that they do not have enough money to hold a christening celebration, an event that necessarily involves preparing many dishes for relatives, friends and guests.
Weddings are celebrated in the style of history books and can also be quite expensive. Since a wedding is a once-in-a-lifetime event, money (or the lack of it) is not a major concern for most couples. There is also a superstition among the older generation that each family can only have one wedding a year. This superstition probably stems from very practical reasons, since holding a wedding can be very expensive on the wallet. So if your fiancée's brother or sister already had a wedding this year, then you will have to wait until next year to get married. Engagements are sometimes postponed to maintain this sequence.
In the Philippines, there is no law on divorce or abortion. The state would have difficulty in trying to pass such laws, since the Philippines is a country of dominant Catholicism, where such things are considered not so much primarily political matters, but also moral ones. There is an organization known as the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines. She usually gives explanations or advice on moral issues that affect the country, and many faithful Filipino Catholics take this advice seriously.
Tired of playing computer games? Do you want to move away from the virtual world into the real one? Then you need to play board games. The most popular and oldest board game is chess, which, by the way, is considered an international sport. Chess is a super game for developing memory and thinking, and does not damage your eyesight like computer games. Do you want to start playing chess? Then go to your search engine, enter, buy chess, and the system will show you a huge list of sites that offer a wide range of chess.
Philippines (Philippines) is the third largest English-speaking country in the world. The state has a rich history, the course of which was influenced by Asian countries, Europe and America. Long before Spanish colonization, the Philippines had rich cultural traditions and traded with Japan And . In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan, who arrived in the Philippines, declared dependence on behalf of King Philip of Spain, thereby the Spaniards introduced Catholicism and later European architecture to the Philippines. The Spanish colonialists built here in 1571 Intramuros - the “Stone City” with churches and European-style houses. Centuries of colonial rule have had a powerful and contradictory impact on the country's culture. In 1989, after surviving 350 years and going through 300 uprisings and rebellions, the Filipinos, led by leaders such as Jose Rizal and Emilio Aguinaldo, managed to win their independence from the Spaniards. Three centuries after Magellan, in 1898 the United States bought the Philippines from Spain for $20 million. The Philippines borrowed from the States its constitution, city building, passion for basketball, theatrical performances and pizza. During World War II, Filipinos fought alongside the American army. They took a particularly active part in the legendary battles in the provinces Batan (Batan) and on the island Corregidor (Korregidor), which contributed to weakening the pressure of Japanese troops and saving Australia. From 1941 to 1945, the Filipinos fought a guerrilla war against the Japanese, and in 1946 the Philippines regained its status as an independent state. In the 1980s, the Philippines attracted global political attention. In 1972, President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law. When Marcos' lifelong political rival, Ninoy Aquino, was assassinated at Manila airport in 1983, patience with the dictator ran out. After the scandalous event, a revolution followed that liberated the country from the rule of President Marcos. In February 1986, the former president and his wife Imelda were forced to leave the Philippines.
Geography
The Republic of the Philippines is a large island state in Southeast Asia. It occupies more than 7 thousand islands, of which 9/10 are uninhabited. The two largest inhabited islands are Luzon (Luson) And Mindanao (Mindanao). The total area of the country is 300 thousand km2. Population - 64.9 million people; 80% are Filipinos (Tagalogs, Visayas, Ilocos, etc.). The majority of believers are Catholics. The capital is Manila. The Philippines occupies an advantageous geographical position in the western part of the Pacific Ocean: sea routes from Japan and to Indonesia and other countries in Southeast Asia. Between the numerous islands of the archipelago there are 5 internal small and shallow seas. At the same time, rocks and reefs greatly complicate inland navigation. A tour to the Philippines is an ideal option for those who love relaxing in quiet, heavenly bays. In the western part of the archipelago, where the coast has many closed bays, there are narrow coastal plains (10 - 15 km wide), where the country's largest seaports are located.
Population
The Philippines has a population of over 84 million and is growing at an annual rate of approximately 2.36% (the highest population growth rate in the world). Common name " Filipinos" unites more than a hundred nationalities: the majority of the country's inhabitants are descendants of Indonesians and Malays who moved to the archipelago over thousands of years, as well as Chinese traders who first appeared in the Philippines in the 19th century, and the Spaniards who arrived in the 16th century. In addition, the Philippines is inhabited by numerous indigenous tribes.
Language
The official language is called Filipino or Tagalog. English is used almost everywhere, especially in business and official areas. Spanish is also widely spoken.
Religion
About 83% of Filipinos are Catholics, 5% are Muslim, 5.4% are Protestant, 2.6% are the Independent Church of the Philippines, and 2.3% are the Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ). Historically, Filipinos have adopted two religions - Islam and Christianity. Islam appeared in the country in the 14th century after the expansion of trade relations with Arab states. Nowadays, this religion is practiced mainly in the southern regions of the country. Christianity arrived in the Philippines in the 16th century, with the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521. Protestantism was brought to the Philippines by the first Presbyterian missionaries, who arrived in the country with American soldiers in 1899. Two independent churches in the Philippines emerged at the beginning of the last century, the Aglipayan Church (Independent Church of the Philippines) and the Iglesia Ni Kristo (Church of Christ). Recently, the Aglipayan Church signed an agreement with the Anglican Church. In turn, the Church of Christ significantly expanded its influence. Its temples are the main attractions of many cities.
Connection
In large cities, many street phones equipped for direct access to intercity and international lines. To call from such a device, you need to press the IDD button or number 9 on the phone, and then enter the calling country code, city code and subscriber number. cellular The GSM 900/1800 standard is being intensively developed throughout the country. Roaming is available to subscribers of major Russian operators. Coverage is limited to Manila and other major urban areas, but is expanding rapidly and is fairly inexpensive. Access to Internet can be obtained from numerous Internet cafes throughout the country. Access is provided by three major providers
Time
It is ahead of Moscow by 5 hours, and from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September - by 4 hours.