"Grand projects of Russia" - Zhivopisny Bridge. Grandiose Projects of Russia – Picturesque bridge Picturesque bridge address
picturesque bridge (Bridge in Serebryany Bor) - a cable-stayed bridge across the Moscow River, located in the north-west of Moscow and is part of the Krasnopresnensky Prospekt under construction.
picturesque bridge
Official name Zhivopisny Bridge
Scope of application Automotive, pedestrian
Crosses the Moscow River
Location Moscow
Construction type Arched steel, cable-stayed
Main span 409.5 meters
Total length 1460 meters
Bridge width 37 meters
The distance from the bridge to the surface of the water is 30 meters
Opening date December 27, 2007
bridge structure
A feature of this bridge is its design, which has no analogues in the world - the exclusivity lies in the fact that the traditional pylon is made in the form of a huge arch thrown from one bank of the Moscow River to the other, and the bridge crosses the river at an acute angle.
The span of the arch is 182 meters, the height of the arched pylon above the river level is 105 meters. The span of the roadway is suspended from the bearing deck of the bridge by 72 guys - high-strength cables made of galvanized closed ropes.
The load-bearing structures - the pylon and the shrouds - are painted in deep red. At the point where the cables are attached to the roadway, there are special knots for tensioning the cables. The nodes look like pairs of metal cylinders connected by small bolts. The cylinders are actually protective caps, and the use of such bolts is justified for their connection.
Approaches to the central span are made in the form of monolithic reinforced concrete buildings, 375 meters long from the side of the Mosvodokanal pumping station and 626 meters from the side of Marshal Zhukov Avenue.
Noise protection screens are installed on both sides of the bridge.
The construction of the observation deck
In the upper part of the arch, an observation deck (an ellipsoid-shaped restaurant) was built from special glass. Overall dimensions of the observation deck: length - 33 m, width - 24 m, height - 13 m. This flattened sphere, called the "flying saucer", "glass airship" and "all-seeing eye" hangs at a height of 90 meters from the surface of the river. The “plate” is glazed with double-glazed windows - 770 trapezoidal fragments of special glass of various sizes, hermetically fixed in an aluminum profile. This glass is a double-glazed window with internal and external glass - triplex, each has electric heating. Heating is necessary so that the glass sphere does not turn into an ice ball in the winter cold. Hoarfrost, frost, barely formed on the glass, will immediately begin to melt without interfering with the view.
In summer, in bright sunny weather, the protective function of glass will be performed by a special coating that reflects solar radiation. The requirements for the strength of translucent filling are very strict, because glass is the only thing that separates a person standing on an observation deck from cars rushing far down the bridge. This glass was produced at the same factory that makes glass for military aircraft cockpits.
This fantastic construction will be washed by a special manipulator. To reduce wind loads and vibration from vehicles, 20 dampers were installed in the lower tier of the bridge. And all the load-bearing elements of the arched structure are reinforced one and a half times.
The project received a gold medal at the Brussels exhibition of innovative technologies Brussels Innova Energy. The structure is almost a kilometer long, it is the first cable-stayed pylon bridge in the capital. Erected near the Serebryany Bor nature reserve at the intersection of the Moskva River and the Khoroshevsky straightening channel, it connects the exit of the northwestern tunnels in the area of Krylatskaya Street with Marshal Zhukov Avenue. There is an analogue of such a bridge only in Switzerland. Moreover, throughout the world, cable-stayed pylon bridges provide direct passage through bays and rivers, and the Zhivopisny Bridge was built along Zvenigorodsky Prospekt. At this point, the Moskva River makes a bend, and the hydraulic structure was built at an angle of about 30 degrees. The bridge runs for a considerable distance along the stream. Despite this location, the bridge was considered safe. The bridge model was tested in Denmark and in Russia at the TsAGI Institute.
The bridge was designed by the Institute "Metrogiprotrans" NPO "Mostovik". The bridge construction contractor is OAO Mostotrest.
One of the most beautiful bridges in Russia is the Zhivopisny Bridge. In Europe, this is the highest cable-stayed bridge, and in Moscow - one of the 50 bright sights. From afar, a ball hanging over the arch of the bridge catches the eye.
Story
The picturesque bridge was built recently. The competition was held in the early 2000s. The architects were faced with the task of uniting three banks of Moscow at once. The ideal solution was proposed by NPO Mostovik. The mayor of the capital liked it very much. It was he who proposed to place an observation deck at the top of the bridge and open a restaurant there. After a long and painstaking work in 2007, the opening of the bridge took place.
Design
The parameters of the Picturesque Bridge can amaze anyone: one and a half kilometers long, forty meters wide and 105 meters high. The length of the main span is more than four hundred meters, so ships are calmly passing under it.
There is no other bridge of this kind in the world. The pylon is made in the form of a large arch thrown between the banks of the river. The bridge crosses it at an acute angle. Sound barriers can be seen on both sides of the building. An ellipsoid with an observation deck is built in the upper part, very similar to a flying saucer. The bridge has eight traffic lanes, four in each direction.
Peculiarities
The observation deck of the Picturesque Bridge, located at a height of almost a hundred meters above the water, has become the highlight of the building. The people called her a flying saucer. A glass ellipsoid hangs under the arch like a huge bead and is the decoration of this amazing design. The restaurant on the bridge never showed up. According to the official version, the architects could not arrange a sewer at the top. In addition, the structure experiences strong vibration from the wind and the movement of machines.
The picturesque bridge looks great at any time of the day. The arches and shrouds only appear red. They are actually coral. In the sun, the observation deck plays with highlights, and in the evening it shimmers in the light of lanterns and is reflected on the smooth surface of the Moscow River. The bridge offers stunning views of the Krylatsky hills and the fabulous forests of Serebryany Bor.
legends
Muscovites have created many legends about the Picturesque Bridge. For example, that this is a top-secret radar installation, so people cannot be gathered on it. Another version is UFO bait.
The youth came up with their own legend: if you climb to the top of an arch or a restaurant with your loved one and then meet for another year, love will be eternal. However, the girls were reluctant to climb to a height of one hundred meters, and even without insurance. Today it is generally prohibited. And for the lovers, they decided to make a registry office on the Picturesque Bridge so that they could really get married and not worry about their soulmate.
Tunnel
The picturesque bridge is a continuation of Zvenigorodsky Prospekt, which includes another exceptional object - the three-kilometer Serebryanoborsky Tunnel. It consists of two levels: one is designed for the movement of cars, on the other, subway trains go. The tunnel is equipped with the latest technology. There are video surveillance equipment, modern fire extinguishing systems.
How to get there
Every time I walk along the Moskva River in Krylatskoye or cross the river towards Krasnaya Presnya, I admire the unusual design of the Picturesque Bridge with admiration. Having some idea about the peculiarities of bridge building (a builder of airfields and roads by education), I see in this building a real work of modern architectural art.
Already from afar, a bright fantastic silhouette attracts attention:
The bridge seems light, flying over the river thanks to the suspension of its central span on an elegant cable-stayed system. Steel cables at the top are attached to the arched pylon, which performs the main load-bearing load, at the bottom they support spans over the river. The suspension system made it possible not to install supports in the center of the river, which would interfere with navigation.
A particularly fantastic view is given to the bridge by a round glass structure fixed at the top of the arch. The former mayor of Moscow, Yu. Luzhkov, who was the initiator of the construction of this amazing bridge, planned to arrange an original restaurant with a chic all-round view inside this building. When the interior decoration was completed, they began to solve the problem of sewerage. Couldn't solve this problem. Then they broke the internal structures of the restaurant, and redid everything in a new way - for the registry office.
I always have fun imagining how young people will get into this flying saucer, and then jump off it into the river. In general, the opening of the registry office also stalled. So this UFO hovers over the river as a symbol of unfulfilled hopes.
The roadbed of the bridge is wide and even, which allows vehicles to move along it at a sufficiently high speed and without delay. On both sides there are sidewalks for pedestrians, fenced off from the roadway with wide bumpers.
Not only the bridge is picturesque, but also the banks that it connects. On the one hand, the beautiful park of Severny Krylatskoye:
opposite - the famous Serebryany Bor:
So that the noise of cars does not greatly annoy the vacationers, the bridge is fenced with noise screens painted to match the bridge.
In my opinion, despite the fact that not all the plans related to the Picturesque Bridge have been implemented yet, it performs a very important function, connecting the areas separated by the river, and also, indeed, decorates the city very much.
| Picturesque Bridge in April 2010 |
|
| 55°46′35″ N sh. 37°26′35″ E d. HGIOL | |
| Official name | |
| Application area | automobile, pedestrian |
| Crosses | Moscow river |
| Location | Moscow |
| Design | |
| Construction type | arch steel, cable-stayed |
| Material | reinforced concrete |
| Main span | 409.5 m |
| total length | 1460 m |
| Bridge width | 37 m |
| Structure height | 105 m |
| A14, NK-176 | |
| Exploitation | |
| Designer, architect | Nikolai Shumakov |
| Opening | December 27, 2007 |
| Media files at Wikimedia Commons | |
Story
Construction
The competition for the design of a bridge across the Moscow River, linking the Krylatskoye district and Serebryany Bor, took place in the early 2000s. The complexity of the task was that on both banks of the river there are nature protection zones with a ban on construction, so traditional bridge designs were not suitable for the task. As a result, the city authorities settled on the solution proposed by the NPO Mostovik company: the support (pylon) of the bridge took the form of an arch with a roadbed attached to it with the help of guys. Under the arch of the pylon, an observation deck was designed in the form of an ellipsoidal glass suspension capsule resembling a flying saucer.
Construction of the bridge began in September 2004. The author of the project was the architect Nikolai Shumakov - the creator of more than 30 stations of the Moscow metro, a monorail transport system and Vnukovo airport. The construction project was personally approved by Moscow Mayor Yuri Luzhkov. Contrary to the generally accepted canon, it was decided to build the bridge not across, but along the river to preserve natural areas and avoid interference with navigation. The frame of the capsule was assembled on the roadway and lifted onto the arch with the help of jacks.
On July 26, 2005, by Decree of the Government of Moscow No. 551-PP, the bridge under construction received the name "Picturesque".
Exploitation
On December 27, 2007 the Picturesque bridge was opened. At the beginning of 2008, personal blogs of Muscovites began to discuss, and then the media picked up information about technical problems in the bridge design, such as loose nuts and the absence of fastening material on the protective boxes of the cable tensioning units. After an unscheduled inspection by Rostekhnadzor, the information was refuted. It turned out that the guys were attached to the spans by pairs of metal cylinders connected by small diameter bolts - this misled the townspeople.
From 2008 to 2012, the Moscow authorities limited traffic on the bridge and the North-Western Tunnel at night (from 23:00 to 06:00) in the Novorizhskoye direction in order to conduct comprehensive tests of the tunnel's security systems and the safe installation of the observation deck structures. Traffic on the bridge and tunnel was usually limited to only one lane, in some cases - to two lanes.
It was originally planned to open a restaurant on the territory of the observation deck, but this idea had to be abandoned. The main reason for this decision was the lack of sewerage: the structure vibrates strongly from wind and traffic, which could lead to depressurization of sewer pipes. Due to lack of funding, the laying of communications and the installation of fastening structures were suspended, which made the use of the “flying saucer” as a restaurant impossible.
In 2017, Nikolai Shumakov was the first Russian architect to be awarded the Auguste Perret Prize for the Picturesque Bridge. The award ceremony took place on September 6, 2017 in Seoul.
Design
span structure
The length of the Zhivopisny Bridge crossing is 1460 m, the width is 37 m, the length of the main span is 409.5 m, the number of stays is 72. The distance from the water surface to the roadway is about 30 m. The bridge crossing is designed for eight traffic lanes - four in each direction. Each lane is 3.75m wide with a 2.0-2.6m median, a 1m safety lane and 1.5m sidewalks on both sides. Staircases are installed at the approaches to the bridge.
The supporting structures of the bridge are painted red. The French-made shrouds themselves consist of high-strength ropes covered with polyethylene pipe. The foundation of the bridge rests on piles 20-40 m long and 1.5 m in diameter. The piles rest on limestone cemented to fill possible karst voids. Thanks to the fan-shaped cable system, the bridge can swing like a swing, but to prevent uncontrolled vibrations, oil shock absorbers made in Germany are installed on one of the supports.
bridge arch
The pylon of the bridge is a hinged arch without temporary supports. The elements are interconnected with high-strength bolts. The fabrication, assembly and erection of the structures were carried out with extremely high precision, with a tolerance of only 3 mm. The span of the bridge arch is 182 m, the height is 90 m.
Viewpoint
The observation deck of the Zhivopisny Bridge consists of three buildings: the main building in the upper part of the arch, the bridge-gallery on the right-bank support of the arch, and the evacuation bridge with access to Serebryany Bor. The main building of the observation deck has the shape of an ellipsoid. Its length is 33 m, width - 24 m, height - 13 m, weight - 1000 tons. It is glazed and equipped with electric heating to remove snow and ice. To get into the building from the bridge, two lifts are provided, two more evacuation lifts are installed in case of emergencies. As of 2017, the interior space of the ellipsoid is not equipped and is closed to the public, work on finishing and landscaping of the premises is ongoing.
see also
Notes
- Picturesque bridge in Moscow (indefinite) . Architectural structures of the world. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- The picturesque bridge was recognized as a world masterpiece (indefinite) . Moscow 24 (August 1, 2017). Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- The construction of the Picturesque bridge has no analogues in the world (indefinite) . Complex of urban planning policy and construction of the city of Moscow. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- (indefinite) . Where to go in Moscow. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- The picturesque bridge has no analogues (indefinite) . Krylatskoe. Retrieved 11 May 2018.