National currency of Tajikistan. Currency of Tajikistan: description, history and exchange rate Contact system point addresses
National currency of the state in question Central Asia, part of the USSR, for a long time there was a ruble. But after the collapse of the Union, the Republic of Tajikistan began its history. Currently she has her own money. What currency of Tajikistan is in circulation today, what is its history and predecessors? What is the current exchange rate for Russian and American money? This article will tell you about all this.
Currency of Tajikistan and its diversity
Somoni is the official currency in the republic today. The name comes from Ismail Samani, who became the founder of the Tajik state. Banknotes were put into circulation at the end of October 2000. The currency of Tajikistan is represented by diram coins and somoni banknotes. In international coding it has the designation TJS and code number 972. In the Tajik language, money sounds like pool, and the currency is called asor.
Achaemenid gold dariks are considered the most ancient coins found on the territory of Tajikistan. The coins were discovered during excavations in 1878 and belong to the 6th and 5th centuries BC.
The coins of modern Tajikistan are named dirams after the currency that existed in the years 875–999 in the modern territory of Tajikistan.
Banknotes of the USSR period
After the formation of the republic in 1924, in Tajikistan, as in the rest of the USSR countries, the official currency was the ruble. After the collapse of the Union, the republic was unable to introduce its own currency for a long time, as the country was involved in armed intra-ethnic and inter-clan conflicts. Therefore, the ruble remained in use for a long time. In neighboring republics, Soviet banknotes were withdrawn from circulation, but they were widely used in shops in Tajikistan. Everything was bought up. And, as a result, terrible inflation began. Finally, the country's government decides to introduce its own currency - the Tajik ruble. It was in use from the tenth of May 1995 until the end of October 2000. This gave impetus to the country's economy. She slowly walked up. Banknotes of this period were printed in Russia, were of low quality and were heavily counterfeited. Therefore, they began to be printed in Germany in 1999.
Modern monetary unit
Today, the currency of Tajikistan is banknotes with images of famous state figures, both modern and historical.
They also depict historical and architectural monuments countries, household items and applied arts. Banknotes in use in Tajikistan are 5, 1, 10 and 20 somoni, and recently issued three, two hundred and five hundred somoni with additional holographic protection. Brand new banknotes of 50, 20 and 100 somoni have fundamentally new system protection: the last digits of the series are printed on a kinegram (a holographic type image that has the illusion of movement if you change the angle of view relative to the object in question.)
Monetary rate of the Republic of Tajikistan
The stability of the modern currency of the republic today is very dependent on the Russian economy. More than half of the country’s working-age population works in Russian Federation and regularly supports the economy of his country by sending earned currency.
Today the somoni to ruble exchange rate is 10 to 82. As for American currency, then for 1 dollar you can buy approximately 8 Tajik currency units. The government of the country, in order to protect citizens, still restrains the exchange rate of the somoni, which contradicts the laws of money and the world economy.
Money for a “special occasion”
In addition to coins and main banknotes, the country's Central Bank issues commemorative coins. They are issued in denominations of 100, 50 and 200 somoni in gold and in denominations of 3, 1, 100, 5, 500 and 502 somoni in silver. There are bimetallic coins in circulation. To mark the anniversaries of the capital and the fundamental law of the state, four gold coins came into circulation.
Somoni is the national monetary unit of Tajikistan, introduced into circulation on October 30, 2000, 1,000 Tajik rubles were exchanged for 1 somoni. Bank code: TJS. One somoni is divided into 100 dirams. Denominations of banknotes in circulation: 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 somoni. Coin denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 dirams, 1, 3 and 5 somoni. Formally, banknotes in denominations of 1, 5, 20, 50 dirams are also in circulation, but in real circulation they have been replaced by coins of the corresponding denomination.
Historically, on the territory of modern Tajikistan, coins were minted starting from the 3rd century BC. e. The heyday of mint activity occurred during the existence of the first centralized state of the Tajiks under the rule of the Samanids (875–999). In those years, there were up to 30 coin production centers.
After Tajikistan gained independence in 1991 and until the end of 1993, the Soviet ruble continued to be used in the republic. Since the beginning of 1994, official monetary unit became the Russian ruble, and on May 10, 1995 it was replaced by the Tajik ruble. After graduation civil war and strengthening statehood in Tajikistan, a new national currency was introduced in the country, named “somoni” in honor of the Samanids (Taj. “Somoniyon”). The exchange of Tajik rubles for somoni took place until April 1, 2001.
The front side of somoni banknotes depicts portraits of famous figures of the past related to the socio-cultural heritage of today's Tajikistan.
1 somoni - Mirzo Tursun-zade (1911–1977) - poet, social and political figure;
3 somoni - Shirinsho Shotemur (1899–1937) - hero of Tajikistan, statesman;
5 somoni - Sadriddin Aini (1878–1954) - founder of modern Tajik literature;
10 somoni - Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadoni (1314–1384) - Tajik thinker and poet;
20 somoni - Abu Ali ibn Sino (Avicenna, 980–1037) - the great scientist-encyclopedist of the Tajik people;
50 somoni - Bobojon Gafurov (1908–1977) - scientist, statesman;
100 somoni - Ismoil Somoni (849–907) - founder of the first Tajik state - the Samanid state;
200 somoni - Nusratullo Makhsum (1881–1937) - hero of Tajikistan, statesman;
500 somoni - Abuabdullo Rudaki (858–941) - founder of Tajik classical literature.
On the reverse side of the banknotes there are images of various architectural monuments of Tajikistan, as well as the buildings of the Central Bank, Presidential Palace and the Palais des Nations.
The design of banknotes has remained virtually unchanged throughout their existence; the National Bank only periodically adds elements related to protection against counterfeiting. The banknote paper is made from 100% cotton fiber and contains colorless security fibers that fluoresce in red, blue and green light. When producing banknotes, three types of printing are used (metallographic, offset, letterpress) and eight security elements are used. Paper dirams are offset-printed (with the exception of the serial number, which is printed using the high-press printing method) and are much less secure. Coins are made from copper-nickel (1, 3 and 5 somoni), copper-zinc alloys (25 and 50 dirams), steel and brass (5, 10 and 20 dirams), as well as steel, copper and brass (1 and 2 dirams ).
In total, there is 3.1–3.2 billion somoni in cash in circulation (as of February 2013). Their relatively small nominal quantity (less than 400 somoni on average per inhabitant) is explained by a fairly high exchange rate (4.76 somoni per US dollar as of April 2013) and the general poverty of the population: GDP per capita in 2012 was only $950. Cash circulation in Tajikistan mainly uses coins and small bills.
The currency of Tajikistan received its name in honor of Ismail Samani, who united the lands of his ancestors into one centralized state and thereby left a bright mark on history. The city of Bukhara was the capital of this state, which existed for just over a century, but during this time the Tajik people were able to achieve great success in the field of science, culture and art. The currency of Tajikistan received its name in honor of Ismail Samani, who united the lands of his ancestors into one centralized state and thus left a bright mark on history. The city of Bukhara was the capital of this state, which existed for just over a century, but during this time the Tajik people were able to achieve great success in the fields of science, culture and art.
Tajik somon and its description
The official currency of Tajikistan is the Tajik. The currency has code 972 and international designation - TJS. 1 somon is equivalent to one hundred dirams. Today, in the territory of the state, National Bank tickets with denominations of 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 somoni, as well as smaller denomination bills of 1, 5, 20 and 50 dirams are used in monetary circulation.
In addition, there are also Tajik somoni coins: 1, 3, 5 and diram coins.
The artistic design of banknotes is original and attractive. Architectural monuments and images of prominent people of the state are depicted on the front side. In its lower part in the center you can see the denomination of the bill; it is also placed on the left, in the reserve field. The most famous landmarks adorn the reverse of banknotes.
Carbon steel coated with brass was used to produce coins in denominations ranging from one to 20 dinars inclusive, issued from 2001 to 2006. The remaining coins were copper-nickel.
All banknotes of this state are produced in Russia at the St. Petersburg Mint.
Brief history of the currency of Tajikistan
When Soviet power was established in Tajikistan in 1924, the Soviet ruble became the means of payment. This situation remained until 1995. Even after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the government did not immediately introduce its own currency. The obstacle was intra-ethnic and inter-clan conflicts, which were of an armed nature. Since Soviet money was withdrawn from circulation in the neighboring republics, absolutely everything was bought up in Tajikistan. This was the cause of inflation. Only in May 1995 the Tajik ruble was introduced into circulation. The banknotes were of very low quality, so there was quite a lot of counterfeit money. And only in the fall of 2000 the somoni became the national currency, and a year later a new series of coins in denominations of 5, 10, 20 and 50 dirams and 1 somoni would be minted. In 2013, new banknotes were released, with additional security elements.
Exchange rate to ruble, dollar
The national currency of Tajikistan is pegged to, so its exchange rate is directly dependent on the Russian economy. At the beginning of October, 1 Tajik somni (TJS) = 7.07 Russian ruble (RUB), 1 $ = 9.39 TJS.
You can exchange currency at the airport or hotels, exchange offices or in banks in Dushanbe or Khujand. In other cities, banking institutions do not always have currency exchange departments.
Since the exchange rate of the US dollar is constantly changing, currency transactions should be made as needed.
Credit cards or traveler's checks are unlikely to be used. Is it only in big ones? shopping centers Dushanbe and international hotels.
In markets or small retail outlets you can buy goods for dollars or Russian rubles, but you will seriously overpay.
What money to take to Tajikistan
On the territory of Tajikistan, the somoni is the only means of payment, so you will have to change any currency. In Dushanbe, it will be possible to use dollars, but payments in national currency significantly simplify the purchasing process and reduce the risk of becoming a victim of fraudsters.
Do not use the services of private individuals for exchange, in 90% of cases you will be deceived.
You shouldn't count on ATMs; they can only be found in large cities.
Plastic cards can only be useful in restaurants in Dushanbe; there are no such terminals in other places.
You also cannot cash traveler's checks in this country.
It's called somoni. It was named in honor of I. Samani. He founded the first Tajik state. The currency consists of somoni banknotes and diram coins.
Story
Archaeologists have discovered many coins. The most ancient were golden dariks. Previously, the currency of Tajikistan was called the diram. And modern coins have retained this name. Since 1924, the ruble was in use in Tajikistan. In 1991, the state gained independence and introduced its own currency. Until 1995, while the state financial system was being restructured in a new way, the Soviet ruble was still in use.
Modern state currency of Tajikistan
By government decree of May 6 of the same year, the Tajik ruble was introduced into circulation. In 1999, a more modern state currency, which was published in Germany. The previous name of the banknotes was replaced by a new one - somoni. In 2000, 4 types of banknotes appeared in use - from 1 to 50 dirams. And 6 types of somoni - from 1 to 100.
In 2010, an updated series of previous banknotes was issued and new banknotes in denominations of 3, 200 and 500 somoni appeared. And from December 25, 2012, a modification of banknotes in denominations of 5 and 10 was issued, with additional holographic security elements. On March 5, 2013, new banknotes in denominations of 20, 50 and 100 somoni appeared in Tajikistan. New currency Tajikistan was equipped with new protection. The last 3 digits in the serial number have become more prominent and are laser printed on the kinegram.
Currency Description
The new state Tajikistan banknotes depict portraits of prominent figures of the country, architectural and historical monuments. As well as household items and applied art. In 2010, the currency was updated again. The color scheme has been changed.
What is the currency in Tajikistan in the form of coins? Both somoni and dirams can be made not only of paper, but also of metal. For the purpose of storing or donating the currency of Tajikistan, commemorative coins were issued. They are made of precious metals: gold and silver. But there are also bimetal, cupronickel and nickel silver. Four have been released since 2004 collectible coins to the 80th anniversary of Dushanbe and the 10th anniversary of the Constitution.
Protective measures
All paper dirams are printed on paper with colorless security fibers that fluoresce in three colors. The watermark is the emblem of the National Bank. The text “BMT” is repeated on the metallized security thread. The paper currency of Tajikistan has microtext and an image of the denomination of the banknote in two languages. All printed money is equipped with a serial number, which has magnetic properties. The watermark on the somoni is the portrait depicted on the banknote. And, in addition to the above protection, there is additional.
This is a printed and embossed tulip-shaped element with several numbers to prevent copying. The pattern is combined on both sides, forming the NBT emblem. It also includes a protective holographic strip on which text is additionally embossed. There are special markers for people with poor vision.
Exchange rates
In 2000, the state currency in Tajikistan to the ruble was the rate of 1 somoni to 1000 Russian rubles. And in relation to the dollar it is 3:1. But it has changed in the last fifteen years. And the dollar to somoni exchange rate became 1:9. Updated information can be found on the website of the Central Bank of Tajikistan.