The Urals, a fantastic region, being in several climatic zones, has a richly diverse nature and fauna, therefore, on the territory of the Ural mountain system you can find so many guarded natural areas. We have prepared a list with descriptions of nature reserves and national parks located in the Urals.

Reserves and national parks of the Urals

Arkaim Nature Reserve

Natural landscape and historical and archaeological reserve - a museum located in the south of the Chelyabinsk region. It is a fortified settlement of the Bronze Age, whose age is approximately 3800-4000 years. The complex consists of a fortified city, two necropolises and the remains of ancient pastures. It is worth noting that the defensive structures and the integrity of the historical landscape are surprisingly well preserved.

Visimsky Reserve

The state natural biosphere reserve in the Sverdlovsk region, through whose territory the border between Europe and Asia passes, existed from 1946 to 1951 under the short name “Visim”. After which it was liquidated and recreated only in 1971, changing its name.

Bashkir Nature Reserve

A natural reserve located in the central part of the Bashkir Southern Urals on the spurs, was organized on July 11, 1930 and liquidated in 1951. for the purpose of exploiting the forest, after which it was recreated and transformed by 1986 into an independent reserve - Shulgan-Tash with the aim of protecting undisturbed forests and ecosystems of the mountainous Cis-Urals.

Vishera Reserve

A state reserve founded in the north-east of the Perm region in the Krasnovishersky administrative district on April 26, 1991. In the absence of separate areas and forestries, the area is 241,200 hectares. The territory of the reserve occupies 15.6% of the area of ​​the Krasnovishersky district and 1.5% of the area of ​​the Perm region.

Zyuratkul National Park.

National park located in the southern part of the Satkinsky district of the Chelyabinsk region, 30 km. south of Satka, 200 km west of Chelyabinsk. The main objectives of the park include the conservation of objects cultural heritage and creating conditions for regulated tourism and recreation. The main attraction is the high-mountain lake Zyuratkul.

Taganay National Park

Translated from the Bashkir language “Moon Stand”. Founded on March 5, 1991, the park, located in the western part of the Chelyabinsk region near the northeastern outskirts of the city of Zlatoust, is remarkable for its well-preserved relict forests, meadows and mountain tundra. The total area is 568 sq. m. km.

Ilmensky Reserve

The State Mineralogical Reserve, founded on May 14, 1920, is located in the central part of the Chelyabinsk region near the city of Miass. It is one of the first created in Russia. Open for tours. Due to the complex and long history of the formation of the complex (2300 million years), the greatest practical and scientific interest is associated with pegmatite veins, in which topaz, aquamarine, phenacite tourmaline, etc. are found.

Park Bazhovskie places

Founded not so long ago, on April 4, 2007, the natural park is named after the Ural writer P.P. Bazhov. Located 60 km from Yekaterinburg, the park is distinguished mainly by a large number of unique natural and cultural objects, in connection with which it is endowed with the status of a specially protected territories.

Yugyd Va National Park

Translated from Komi, the name of the largest national park in Russia means “Bright Water”. Founded April 23, 1991 its territory of 1,891,701 hectares in the south borders the Pechero-Ilychsky nature reserve, and is also included within the UNESCO World Heritage Site.

East Ural Nature Reserve

Founded in 1966 on the territory of the radioactive trace formed as a result of the accident at the Kyshtym chemical plant, this state reserve, located in the forest-steppe zone on the territory of the Kasli and Kunashak districts of the Chelyabinsk region, is currently under the control of the Rosatom corporation.

The slopes of Yamantau are covered with swamps and littered with kurumnik - a pile of sharp stones. Many brown bears live here. According to legend, Mount Yamantau has very strong energy and can radically change the life of a person who climbs to its peak at least once.

The rivers of the South Ural Nature Reserve are quite small in size, their length does not exceed 100 m. The largest are the Maly Inzer, Tulmen (or Tulma), Bolshoi Inzer and Yuryuzan. All of them belong to the Belaya River basin. The Tulma River is considered the cleanest in the area, but also one of the shallowest, its depth does not exceed 2 m. After the reserve was founded and active deforestation was stopped, beavers settled in these places and the Caucasian otter returned.

Having visited the reserve, you will probably find out what hanging swamps are. The largest of them is Sychinskoye (750 hectares), somewhat smaller ones are Mokhovoe and Kolpatskoye. They are called hanging because they form on the slopes of mountains, where groundwater comes to the surface. The water in the Sychinsky swamp is constantly in motion, flowing from the upper edge to the lower edge, and vice versa.

general information

• Full name: South Ural State Nature Reserve.
• IUCN Category: Ia (Strict Natural Reserve).
• Date of foundation: June 19, 1978.
• Region: Beloretsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Chelyabinsk region.
• Area: 252,800 hectares. Relief: mountainous.
• Climate: sharply continental.
• Official website: http://www.south-ural-reserve.ru/.
• Email: [email protected].

History of creation

Until the middle of the 18th century, the territory of the modern South Ural Nature Reserve was practically uninhabited.

In the 19th century, huge areas in Ural mountains It was occupied by a private Inzer forest dacha; two iron smelting plants operated here: Inzersky and Lapyshtinsky. It is not surprising that natural processes were greatly disrupted. In 1924, the factories were completely stopped and closed. Then a number of forestry enterprises were organized here. Deforestation has reached alarming proportions.

At the end of the 1970s, large-scale construction of a secret facility began in the vicinity of the Yamantau ridge. Grew up in the depths of the mountain closed city Mezhgorye, which had several other names: Ufa-105, Solnechny, Beloretsk-16, etc. In parallel with this, the South Ural Nature Reserve was founded in 1978.

Vegetable world

On the territory of the South Ural Nature Reserve there are 700 species of higher plants, 226 species of mosses; 169 - lichens, 177 - soil algae and 121 - fungi. 57 plant species are relicts of various ages.

About 80% of the reserve's territory is occupied by forest. The main species here are Siberian fir (Abies sibirica) and Siberian spruce (Picea obovata). Light-coniferous forests are dominated by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Sukachev larch (Larix sukac-zeivii). Among the shrubs you can find species that are listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Bashkortostan: common juniper (Juniperus communis), wolf's bast (Daphne mezereum), Kuril bush tea (Pentaphylloides fruticosa).

Surprisingly beautiful and fragrant during the flowering period, the wolf's bast shrub, or deadly wolfberry, is considered one of the most dangerous representatives of the flora of the South Ural Nature Reserve. The shrub received its name “wolf bast” because of the high strength of the bast layer of the bark. It’s as if the plant itself is warning: don’t touch me!

The diversity of mushrooms in the Southern Urals is amazing, and each of them is unique in its own way. For example, the common chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius) is interesting because its body is not divided into a cap and a leg, but is a single whole.

Animal world

The fauna of the South Ural Nature Reserve includes 50 species of mammals, 188 birds, 5 reptiles, 5 amphibians and 23 fish. Almost all large vertebrates characteristic of Bashkortostan are found here. There are also several interesting representatives of the mustelid family. These include the American mink (Neovison vison), the stone marten (Martes foina), and the common otter (Lutra lutra), brought here in the 1930s.

The reserve has a large population of moose (Alces alces) - there are up to 700 of them here. Climbing Yamantau, you can meet whole herds of these forest giants.

In the reserve there are birds that are listed in the Red Book of Russia. These are the black stork (Ciconia nigra), red-breasted goose (Branta ruficollis), short-tailed eagle (Circaetus gallicus), golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetus), greater spotted eagle (Aquila clanga), white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), sandpiper magpie (Haematopus ostralegus), eagle owl (Bubo bubo) and gray shrike (Lanius meridionalis).

Some amphibians and reptiles are listed in the Red Book of Bashkortostan. These are the common toad (Bufo bufo), grass frog (Rana temporaria), water snake (Natrix tessellata) and common copperhead (Coronella austriaca).

To the east of the Yamantau ridge is Mount Iremel (1582 m), which is considered sacred here. Between these mountains is the Inzerskie Zubchatki ridge - one of the most beautiful places Southern Urals. Each part of this ridge has its own name. South part, which is a pile of stones, is chaos. The northern one with high walls and natural stone gates is a castle; the central part is Mount Mayak, and next to it is a group of rocks called the Three Bogatyrs. Hermit monks have long settled near the battlements, spending their time in solitude, fasting and prayer. According to one of the ancient legends, it was from these places that the wise men came from, who brought their gifts to the infant Christ.

For visitors

Reserve mode

Certain areas of the reserve can be visited by prior agreement with the administration and after receiving a pass.

How to get there

You can get to Beloretsk from Ufa or Magnitogorsk by train or bus, from Moscow - by train Moscow - Magnitogorsk. The village of Tirlyan can be reached from Beloretsk by bus or taxi; the distance is about 30 km.

Where to stay

You can stay in private houses in the villages. At the administration of the reserve you can book an excursion and agree on a possible parking spot.

The Bashkiria National Park is located on the southwestern slopes of the Southern Urals and unites the Meleuzovsky, Kurgachinsky and Burzyansky districts. It was formed in 1986 and on its territory is the water area of ​​the Nugush reservoir. This national park is an ideal destination for travelers and nature lovers. They are attracted here by diverse and picturesque forests, fast rivers and mysterious caves.

Those rivers that cut through the mountain ranges here form deep and narrow canyons with rocky outcrops of bizarre shapes, their names are appropriate - “Devil's Finger”, “Sphinx”, “Castle”, “Duck’s Nose” and others. Almost all species of animals characteristic of the Southern Urals are found in the park.

There are wonderful natural monuments here. Firstly, this is the Kuperlya karst bridge: the Kuperlya river began to make its way underground, developing the cave; over time, the roof of the cave collapsed, leaving part of it in the form of a bridge. Other remarkable place: laboratory tract Kutuk-Sumgan. There are natural caves, a tunnel, a bridge, funnels, wells and numerous springs. In the underground halls of local caves you can see stalactites, stalagmites, grottoes and cave pearls.

Zyuratkul National Park

Zyuratkul National Park is located in the Chelyabinsk region. It stretches from north to south for 57 kilometers, and from west to east for 28 kilometers. The national park is located at the junction of Europe and Asia, and is a unique place, where two natural zones meet: taiga and steppe, due to which the flora and fauna of the park is very diverse.

Lake Zyuratkul is located on the territory of the park. Traces of ancient man were discovered on its shore.

In the Urals it is difficult to find a more beautiful place than Lake Zyuratkul and its surroundings. Every nearby hill offers stunning views of the lake, coniferous forest to the very horizon and the high Ural Mountains. The most famous attraction of the Zyuratkul park, after the lake, is the Nurgush ridge - the highest mountain range in the Chelyabinsk region.

More than 650 species of plants, more than 150 species of birds, including rare ones, are found in the park, and large wild animals such as bears and elk are found.

There are 13 routes throughout the park. tourist routes of varying lengths and difficulty, including two water ones.

Yugyd Va National Park

The Yugyd Va National Park was created in 1994 and unites the Vuktylsky, Intinsky and Pechora districts of the Komi Republic. It was created in order to preserve endangered natural, cultural and historical monuments, as well as rare species of plants and animals, in the Northern Urals.

Yugyd Va National Park is the only corner of Europe where pristine nature has been preserved in an almost undisturbed state, due to the remoteness and harsh climate of the area. Therefore, Yugyd Va Park was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1995.

Yugyd Va National Park is attractive for its natural landscapes. In these mountains you can find taiga, mixed forests, subalpine and alpine meadows, and mountain tundra.

Here are the most high peaks Subpolar Urals, including the symbol of the park - Mount Manaraga, its height is 1663 meters.

Also, the attention of tourists is attracted by herds of deer and quartz deposits; visitors are offered ethnographic routes introducing them to the religious places of the ancient Komi and Mansi peoples, and geological tours dedicated to the history of the development of the riches of the Ural Mountains.

Sights of the Urals

The South Ural Nature Reserve is a place that everyone who is actively interested in unique objects should visit. Russian Federation. Moreover, this is recommended not only for guests from near and far abroad, but also for the residents of our country themselves. Why? The thing is that sometimes, being born or living next to amazing places, we don’t find time to get to know them better.

The South Ural Nature Reserve is worth visiting at any time of the year. At every time he is beautiful and unique in his own way. On fine spring, summer and autumn days, you can relax here among the trees and herbs, breathe fresh air, and, depending on the season, pick flowers, berries or mushrooms. But in winter, the South Ural State Nature Reserve turns into real paradise for those who like to ski, play snowballs or build a huge snowman.

This article is aimed at telling about a stunning place located in our country. The South Ural Nature Reserve actually has a reputation as a favorite vacation spot local residents. But guests from abroad, unfortunately, do not come here so often, although those who are lucky enough to visit here, as a rule, take home with them not only colorful photographs, but also amazing memories.

Convenient location

The South Ural Nature Reserve, a photo of which can be found in almost every guidebook dedicated to the beauties of our country, is located both on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan (90% in the Beloretsk region) and in the Chelyabinsk region.

By the way, it should be noted that in the Katav-Ivanovsky district of the reserve with an area of ​​more than 24 thousand hectares, in the Chelyabinsk region, the most high-mountainous and picturesque area of ​​the Southern Urals is located.

Mountain ranges surrounding the natural park

The South Ural State Reserve is located in the most complex and at the same time the highest part of the Southern Urals. The Mashak, Nary, Zigalga, Kumardak ridges and the Yamantau massif form the highest mountain cluster with the highest elevation of 1639 m above sea level. The western chain here is represented by peaks that are part of the whole system of the Dry Mountains (Veselaya, Kruglaya, Salya, Rossypnaya).

The Mashak ridge and the Yamantau massif also form a complex chain.

Rivers and water systems

In the reserve, the river system is part of the river's catchment area. White. All water arteries here can be classified as small rivers, because their length is less than 100 km. The largest are Maly and Bolshoy Inzer, Tulmen, Yuryuzan and Revet.

In addition, there are 13 more rivers 10-19 km long. The total number of small streams and rivulets reaches a huge figure of 300.

Most of the reserve's rivers are full-flowing, and the river basin has the highest flow modulus. Tulmen. Summer-autumn low water occurs in June-October, but it is regularly interrupted by rain floods.

The rivers in the reserve freeze, as a rule, in early November. Freeze-up often persists until the second ten days of April.

But the least amount of water is recorded here in August.

History of the creation of the reserve

Until about the middle of the 18th century. The territory where the South Ural Nature Reserve is now located was considered poorly developed.

For example, looking at a textbook on the history of the region, you can find out that by 1795 only three small villages were built here - Berdagulovo, Aripkulovo and Ilmyashevo.

People here in the 18th-19th centuries. They were mainly engaged in semi-nomadic cattle breeding, sometimes beekeeping. By the way, it should be noted that to this day, bevel trees have been preserved in the reserve.

In the 18th century The so-called mining stage of the development of the Southern Urals began: iron smelting plants were built right on the border of the reserve. Large-scale, sometimes thoughtless, and therefore destructive logging began. Construction also required a huge amount of resources. In addition, iron ore deposits were developed on the territory of the reserve.

In 1924, fortunately for the environment, the factories were stopped and then closed, and the timber industry developed.

Flora of the South Ural Nature Reserve

Today, on the territory of this natural park there are 698 species of higher plants, 121 species of fungi, many mosses, soil algae, and lichens.

It should be noted that many of them are listed in the Red Book of Russia, and 57 species are real relics of past geological eras.

Forests in the reserve cover 90% of the area, with the key forest-forming species being coniferous (4 species) and deciduous trees (10 species).

32% of the reserve's area is occupied by dark coniferous fir-spruce forests, where fir is especially common. Light coniferous forests are formed, as a rule, by Scots pine and are located in the southern part of the reserve; unfortunately, they suffered the most due to illegal logging.

There are also small tracts in the reserve with a predominance of gray alder, cordifolia linden, Norway maple, birch and downy birch, various willows, and bird cherry trees.

South Ural Nature Reserve. Animals and birds

The reserve is home to 50 species of mammals, 260 of vertebrates, 20 of fish, 189 of birds, as well as 5 species of reptiles and amphibians.

The mammal fauna is mostly represented by forest dwellers, but there are also two acclimatized species - the American mink and the muskrat.

Of the ungulates, elk is especially common. The number of these animals is only 400-700 individuals, which is not as much as it might seem at first glance.

From time to time, while walking along forest paths and lawns, you can also meet roe deer and wild boar. The South Ural Nature Reserve is permanently inhabited by 13 species of predatory mammals, including weasel, wolf, fox, lynx, marten, weasel, ermine, etc.

There are also animals here that are disappearing in the republic. The usual and fairly common inhabitants of this natural park are the badger and the mountain hare.

Within the territory of the reserve there are 19 species of rodents, the most common of which are squirrel, chipmunk, beaver, mice and voles. A very rare species is, perhaps, the flying squirrel. Insectivores are represented here by eight species, the most common being the common hedgehog and mole, shrews, etc.

Today, exactly 189 species of birds live in the reserve. By the way, 11 of them have long been listed in the Red Book of our country: peregrine falcon, black stork, golden eagle, short-eared snake eagle, greater spotted eagle, white-tailed eagle, eagle owl, gyrfalcon, oystercatcher, shrike.

The bird fauna mainly consists of forest birds, the most common being hazel grouse and capercaillie.

What role does the reserve play in nature conservation?

This question deserves special attention, so it is still worth giving a more detailed answer to it. What is the need for this place, if such, of course, exists?

The thing is that the South Ural Nature Reserve of Russia was formed so that the unique natural complexes of the Southern Urals would be preserved in their natural, pristine form. This is especially true for luxurious spruce-fir forests. Rare species of local flora, fauna, natural swamps, high-mountain plant communities - all this must be preserved for future generations and for the benefit of our Motherland.

When talking about this natural park, one cannot fail to mention some of the most interesting data.

For example, not everyone knows that the total length of the reserve is 270 km. This territory is actually huge even on the scale of the Russian Federation.

The western part of the reserve is the right bank of the river. Yamashta, r. Tulmen and the eastern slopes of the so-called Dry Mountains. The northern cordon coincides with the republican border, which is about 40 km.

The reserve is located in the highest southern part of the Urals. Here, on its territory, special settlements for repressed persons and an internment camp for German women were once founded.

In the Middle Urals, in the highest part of its western macroslope, there is the picturesque Basegi mountain range, the very name of which in the Ural dialect means “beautiful, wonderful.” In 1982, the Basegi Nature Reserve was founded here to protect undisturbed areas of the indigenous mountain taiga of the Cis-Urals and Urals.
The area of ​​the reserve is about 37.9 thousand hectares. It is a nature reserve of federal significance.
The reserve was created to ensure the safety of the undisturbed taiga of the Urals and Urals. The Basegi mountain range, which has three peaks, Northern, Middle and Southern Basegi, runs through the reserve. The highest of them is Mount Middle Baseg - 994 m above sea level. Their slopes, steep and rocky, are covered with a disorderly pile of stones and boulders. At the peaks, rock outcrops form picturesque outcrops of bizarre shapes - the result of frost and wind weathering. On the mountain slopes there are numerous terraces on which you can see scatterings of stones - the so-called “stone seas” and “stone rivers”.

The Bazhovsky Places Nature Park is a specially protected area of ​​regional significance. One of the main objectives of the park is the preservation of natural complexes and the development of environmental and educational tourism. The park was created in accordance with the decree of the Governor of the Sverdlovsk region dated March 22, 2007 No. 193-UG "On the creation of a state institution of the Sverdlovsk region "Natural Park "Bazhovskie Places", decree of the Government of the Sverdlovsk region dated 04/02/2007 No. 275-PP "On the organization specially protected natural area of ​​regional significance "Natural Park "Bazhov Places"Natural Park "Bazhov Places" is named after the famous Ural writer Pavel Petrovich Bazhov.

Bashkir State Nature Reserve

At the junction of Europe and Asia, in the picturesque mountain region of the Middle Urals, in the upper reaches of the Sulem River, the Visimsky Nature Reserve is located, created in 1971 to preserve in its natural state, protect and study the natural complexes of the mountain taiga. In 2001, the reserve was awarded the status of a UNESCO biosphere reserve; its territory is interesting from the point of view of organizing comprehensive research on the impact of economic activities on the nature of this region.

The area of ​​the reserve is 33.5 thousand hectares.
The location of the reserve is such that it is located simultaneously in Europe and Asia, and waters from the reserve flow into the Volga and Ob. The territory of the reserve is located within the axial zone of the Middle Urals and the residual mountains of its western macroslope. The relief of the region varies from low-mountain ridge to flat. The maximum altitude is Mount Starik-Kamen (754 m), located in the north of the buffer zone of the reserve.
Amazing natural monuments: “Old Man-Stone”, “Pebble”, “Cedar forest on the Notikhe River”, “Primeval forest near the village of Bolshiye Galashki”, “Outcrops on the Sulem River”, “Shaitanskoe Swamp”.

East Ural Nature Reserve

In the basin of the most beautiful of the Ural rivers - the Vishera, in the extreme north-east of the Kama region, lies one of the largest nature reserves in Europe - a land of untouched taiga forests, picturesque mountains and fast rivers, fraught with many fascinating secrets and mysteries - the Vishera State Nature Reserve. It was created in 1991 on an area of ​​241.2 thousand hectares for the protection of intact mountain taiga landscapes of the Northern Urals - 183.243 thousand hectares (76%), treeless mountain landscapes - 48.511 thousand hectares (20%), swamps - 8.789 thousand hectares (3.6%), water surface (rivers, streams, lakes) - 0.657 thousand hectares (0.4%).

The reserve is located between two other protected areas: the Pechoro-Ilychsky reserves in the north and the Denezhkin Kamen reserves in the south.

The Denezhkin Kamen State Nature Reserve is located in the north of the Sverdlovsk region. Its territory completely includes the Denezhkino Kamen massif, the eastern slopes of the Main Ural Ridge, the Khoza-Tump ridge, the upper reaches of the Ivdel, Taltiya, Shegultan, and Sosva rivers. The area of ​​the reserve is 80 thousand hectares.

The Denezhkin Kamen reserve is unique among others in a number of ways. This is the only reserve located entirely on the eastern slope of the main Ural watershed. It is located at the intersection not only of the ranges of some animals, but also of different types of ecosystems. Quite large areas of primary mountain taiga and tundra have been preserved here, which are a reserve for especially valuable, rare and endemic species of the Ural mountain taiga flora and fauna.
Despite the relative proximity and accessibility, there was no large-scale industrial development of forests and mineral resources in the territory occupied by the reserve. There are no settlements here, no logging roads. The former Solva mine, clearings along the edge of the territory, occupy a slightly small area. This territory already had the status of a reserve in the period from 1946 to 1961.
The reserve was re-established in 1991. Despite the difficulties of the period of collapse of the Soviet state, the new team of the Denezhkin Kamen reserve successfully took over the baton in the matter of nature conservation and scientific research from their predecessors.

The highest mountain lake in the Urals (724 meters above sea level) - Zyuratkul - gives its name to the park of the same name, on the territory of which it is located. Founded in 1993. Located in the Chelyabinsk region. Created to preserve one of the most beautiful lakes in the Urals - Zyuratkul. Translated from the Bashkir language, “yurak-kul” means “heart-lake”. The lake is surrounded mountain ranges. This is the most mountainous part of the Southern Urals. The park is located at the junction of two natural zones - taiga and forest-steppe.
These lands began to be developed a long time ago - on the shores of the lake, sites of Stone Age man were discovered, including the remains of ancient dwellings. The old Kazan road is at least 3000 years old, which was used by many warlike tribes crossing the mountains.
The park is located in the highest mountainous part of the Southern Urals. The terrain is mountainous, heavily intersected by river valleys and small streams. The Nurgush ridge, located in the central part of the park, is the third highest in the Southern Urals, its highest point- 1406.2 meters above sea level.
Many rivers of the reserve carry their waters from mountain springs, which is why they are so clean and transparent. Some of these rivers are natural monuments: Bolshaya Kalagaza, Berezyak, and Bolshaya Satka in the upper and lower reaches

Ilmensky State Reserve

The unique mineralogical Ilmensky Reserve is the oldest research institution within the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and one of the first reserves created in Russia. By decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR in May 1920, the Ilmen Mountains “... due to their exceptional scientific significance” received the status of the only mineralogical reserve in the world. Located on the eastern slopes of the Southern Urals, in the northern part of the Chelyabinsk region.

A corner of nature that is remarkable in its beauty and unique in its diversity of minerals, the Ilmen Mountains, has long attracted scientists and stone lovers. The history of Ilmen exploration began more than 200 years ago, when it became known in Russia and Europe about the richness and originality of the Ilmen Mountains.The main value of the branch of the reserve, located in the steppe foothills of the eastern Urals, is the fortified settlement of the Bronze Age - the proto-city of Arkaim (XVII-XVI centuries BC) The reserve includes the entire Ilmen ridge with a length of about 60 km and the eastern foothills with lakes Argazi (western half) in the north and Big and Small Kisegachami and Argayash in the south.
The highest point of the reserve is Ilmen-Tau, located at an altitude of 750 meters above sea level.

The mysterious word “taganay” is interpreted differently by researchers. Most often, the translation from Bashkir sounds like “Moon stand”, or “Moon supply”, “lunar tripod”. There are also possible options such as “mountain of the rising moon”, “mountain of the new moon.” And if the word is of Kett origin, then the translation will sound like “comb”.
The national park itself was formed in 1991 with the aim of preserving the natural complexes of the Taganay mountain ranges and Lake Turgoyak, which have special ecological and aesthetic value. Another important work of the park is to ensure the development of sustainable tourism.

Olenyi Ruchi Natural Park

The Olenyi Ruchi Natural Park is a specially protected natural area under the jurisdiction of the Ministry natural resources and ecology of the Sverdlovsk region. The Olenyi Ruchi natural park is located in the southwest of the Sverdlovsk region, 100 km from Yekaterinburg, in the lower reaches of the Serga River. The park was created in 1999 on an area of ​​12 thousand hectares in one of the most popular tourist areas of the Middle Urals. Tourists are attracted by the amazingly beautiful landscapes of the ancient river valley, replete with a variety of natural and historical sites.

The Serga River is typical mountain river, one of the cleanest in the Middle Urals. The banks of the river are framed high cliffs, on which there are mysterious drawings of ancient people, many caves and grottoes, including the largest cave in the Sverdlovsk region "Friendship" and a unique vertical cave "Big Karst Failure", 50 m deep. In the far part of the park you can visit the landscape-historical open air museum "Mitkinsky Mine"

One of the most famous nature reserves in the Urals is Pechoro-Ilychsky. Created in 1930. Within modern borders since 1959. Located on the western spurs of the Northern Urals, in the southeastern part of the Komi Republic. Area - 721.3 thousand hectares, of which 6 thousand hectares are in a separate area on the right bank of the Pechora near the village of Yaksha. Includes as many as three landscape zones. Plains, foothills and mountains allow you to get acquainted with the diversity of flora and fauna of the area. The flat region is characterized by low altitudes and great monotony in relief. The foothill region is characterized by ridged terrain. The mountains of the Northern Urals within the reserve consist of a number of individual peaks, separated by deep longitudinal and transverse valleys through which rivers and streams flow. The largest of the peaks, Kozhimiz, reaches a height of 1195.4 meters.
The average temperature of the coldest month, January, is -17°C (absolute minimum -57.6°C). The average temperature in July is +16°C, the maximum reaches +35°C.
The reserve has biosphere status and is included (together with the Yugyd Va National Park) in the World Natural Heritage Site “Virgin Komi Forests”

The territory of the park is located in the southeast of the Sverdlovsk region and is part of a huge and, at the same time, fairly compact tract of steppe pine forests. The national park was established on June 20, 1993 with the aim of preserving the unique natural complex of pine and birch forests.

The total area of ​​the park is 49,050 hectares. Most of the territory is occupied by forest lands (about 90% of the area). The remaining part of the territory is occupied by swamps, ponds, and a very small part of the area is occupied by hayfields, arable lands and pastures

The regional state institution “Natural and mineralogical reserve “Rezhevskoy” is a state regional environmental institution that carries out activities to preserve and restore natural complexes, their components and maintain the ecological balance in the territory defined by the Regulations on the natural and mineralogical reserve. The territory of the reserve is located southwest of the city of Rezh in the valleys of the Adui and Rezh rivers, in the territory of the Rezhevsky district, including settlements: With. Lipovskoye, Firsovo village, s. Cheremisskoe, village Oktyabrskoye, Koltashi village. A special feature of the reserve is its relative inaccessibility, lack of paved roads, and swampy terrain.

Nature reserve "Shaitan-Tau"

The territory of the reserve includes forest lands with an area of ​​6,726 hectares in the Kuvandyk municipal district of the Orenburg region, on the border with the Republic of Bashkortostan.

The Shaitan-Tau Nature Reserve was created in order to preserve the standards of oak forest-steppe, the best in terms of the degree of preservation throughout the entire Eastern European forest-steppe. In addition, this is one of the few areas of the Southern Urals that is not affected by the influence of industrial activity. The organization of protected areas of federal significance is an important compensatory environmental measure in connection with the anthropogenic load on the natural ecosystems of the southern outskirts of the Ural Mountains. The corresponding decree on the creation of the reserve, prepared by the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources, was signed on October 9, 2014 by the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev.

State Nature Reserve "Shulgan-Tash"

The Shulgan-Tash State Nature Reserve is located in the western foothills of the mountain-forest region of the Southern Urals, in the Burzyansky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
The reserve was founded in 1958 as the Pribelsky branch of the Bashkir reserve, and since 1986 it has been an independent legal entity. Occupied area – 22531 hectares. The Shulgan-Tash Nature Reserve is an environmental, research, environmental and educational institution of federal significance and part of the core of the UNESCO Bashkir Urals complex biosphere reserve created in 2012. Special areas of activity of the reserve are the preservation and study of the Burzyan bee bee in the conditions of the ancient trade of the Bashkir people - beekeeping, as well as a unique natural complex, a cultural and archeological monument - the Shulgan-Tash (Kapova) cave with rock art Paleolithic era.

State Nature Reserve "Yugansky"

In the 70s, the anthropogenic impact on wildlife unique territory of the Northern Urals, which threatened the loss of many natural, cultural and historical monuments, rare species of plants and animals. To prevent this, the Yugyd Va National Park was created in 1994, one of the largest natural reserves in the world, with a total area of ​​1926.5 thousand hectares.
The nature of the national park is, without exaggeration, unique - this is the only corner of Europe where it has been preserved in an almost undisturbed state, due to the remoteness and harsh climate of the area. Yugyd Va Park and the Pechora-Ilychsky Reserve were included by UNESCO in the World Natural Heritage List under the general name “Virgin Forests of Komi” in 1995.
The park is located on the border of Europe and Asia, on the western slopes of the Subpolar and Northern Urals. This is the highest part of the Ural mountainous country. Individual peaks of its ridges rise more than 1800 m above sea level, and the width of the mountain strip reaches 150 km. The highest peaks - Manaraga, Kolokolnya, Neroika - are located in the central part of the park.

South Ural Nature Reserve

Located, as the name suggests, in the Southern Urals, in the Republic of Bashkortostan and partly in the Chelyabinsk region. Covers natural complexes of the mountain range Big Yamantau and the Zigalga ridge. Area - 255 thousand hectares.
The South Ural Nature Reserve was created in 1978 to protect and study the natural complex of the Southern Urals, which is rich in flora and faunal composition, to study restoration processes in mountain dark coniferous forests, to preserve and study the Bashkir bee. The reserve is located in the central, highest part of the Southern Urals with the highest elevation of 1646 meters.
Many rivers - tributaries of the Belaya - originate here, the largest of which are the Maly Inzer, Katava and Tulma. Despite the not very extensive wetland areas of the reserve, they play an important role as water guardians.