Luxurious building of the Hungarian Parliament in Budapest. Hungarian Parliament: history, interesting facts, excursions The building of the Hungarian
Its central dome is 27 meters high and 20 meters in diameter. Inside - luxurious interiors in the style of the Middle Ages, mosaics, frescoes and stained glass windows. In 2011, the building and the panorama of the Danube surrounding it added to the list of objects world heritage UNESCO.
Building history
The building of the Hungarian government is often called a symbol of people's independence. For the first time, large-scale construction was discussed back in 1844. They wanted to place it on the modern Elizabeth Square, but the revolution of 1848 froze plans for several years. As a result, they decided to build the parliament after the unification of Buda and Pest - two cities that were on opposite banks of the Danube.
In 1873, the authorities announced a competition to create a project for the future government house. In total, about 20 works were sent, of which the idea of the architect Imre Steindl was recognized as the best. The competition commission was captivated by eclecticism: the neo-Gothic facade, the Renaissance dome and the Baroque spirit in the interior. Prior to this, Steindl had already managed to design a new town hall of the united, but the capital's parliament became his best work. The architect did not live a little more than a month before the opening ceremony of his own masterpiece.
The building itself was built for almost two decades on the site of the eastern bank of the Danube. The memoirs of Imre Steindl have been preserved, where he described the sources of inspiration when working on grandiose project. He was greatly impressed, especially by the Palace of Westminster. Therefore, experts often compare the Hungarian Parliament with one of the most famous buildings in the UK.
How to get there
The government building is located on Lajos Kossuth Square.
The exact address: Budapest, Kossuth Lajos ter 1-3.
Option 1
Underground: on the M2 line to Kossuth Lajos Tér station.
Option 2
Tram: route number 2 to the stop Kossuth Lajos ter M.
Option 3
Bus: lines 15 and 115 to the stop Kossuth Lajos tér M.
Option 4
Trolleybus: lines 70 and 78 to the stop Kossuth Lajos tér M.
The building of the Hungarian Parliament on the map
Opening hours and entrance fee
The place is open from April 1 to October 31 daily from 8:00 to 18:00. From November 1 to March 31 - every day from 8:00 - 16:00. You need to know in advance about the opening hours on holidays. The cost of an entrance ticket for citizens of countries outside the European Union is 6,000 HUF ( ~1 380 rub. ). Children under six years old can enter for free. Up-to-date information on the official.
For tourists there is a special center for buying tickets for excursions and souvenirs. It is located on the opposite side of the building from the metro exit. In the Hungarian Parliament, you can take photos and shoot videos almost everywhere, except for the hall under the central dome. There is the crown of St. Stephen, which the Hungarians honor as one of the main relics of their people.
What you should pay attention to
There are several towers on both sides of the dome of the parliament, and above the windows there are statues of famous rulers and warriors. Nearby, just a few steps away, you can see a memorial in honor of the fallen heroes of the 1956 revolution.
It is better to inspect the building of the Hungarian Parliament up close. From a distance, it is usually not noticeable that each side has its own decor. There are no identical details on the facade walls. And although the building is perceived very organically, in fact it consists of many carefully thought-out architectural elements. Therefore, tourists like to walk around the building for a long time, examining each unique little thing in its own way.
Inside the parliament there are 10 courtyards, 29 staircases and almost 700 halls. It is unlikely that you will be able to see them in one excursion. It is definitely worth visiting the Hunter's Hall and the Hall of Deputies - beautiful paintings and frescoes are stored there. In general, the building may seem very pompous due to the abundance of gilding and the combination of different styles. The mixture of baroque, neo-gothic and renaissance in the interiors looks impressive; a lot of expensive fabrics and valuable wood species are used in the design of the halls.
Some tourists like to come here after dark, when the lights turn on. The spectacle of the majestic Parliament, which is vividly reflected in the waters of the Danube, is truly mesmerizing. During the day, looking at the facade is no less interesting: it is decorated with many exquisite sculptures and ornaments. But the building makes a special impression during river excursions in the evening. Tourists often say that this feeling is impossible to put into words: many lights illuminate the majestic masterpiece of architecture, and it looks like a fairy-tale palace.
- 40 kilograms of real gold were spent to decorate the interior of the parliament.
- The building is so large that 50 five-story buildings could fit in it.
- Twice a year, on March 15 and October 23, you can get to the parliament completely free of charge in honor of national holidays.
- On the floor in the Hall of the Upper Chamber is the largest handmade carpet in all of Europe.
- The structure inside and outside is decorated with about 250 statues.
- The famous crown of Saint Stephen, which is kept here, has a crooked cross on top. This is due to the fact that in times of trouble for the country, the relic was taken out, but they did it carelessly. Since then, no master has been able to fix the defect.
- During Soviet times, a red star flaunted on the tower of the Hungarian parliament, like on the Moscow Kremlin.
Description of excursions
For Russian-speaking tourists, separate excursions are provided. The time for the collection of groups can be clarified on the official. You can also buy tickets in advance so as not to waste time waiting in line at the box office. At the entrance, visitors are examined quite carefully, so you should not take suspicious items with you, such as gas cartridges, large packages and bags.
Inspection of the inside of the building begins with the ascent of stairs number 17, which is richly decorated with gold and statues. Up the front stairs to different time key figures of modern world politics were raised: Angela Merkel, Francois Hollande, Vladimir Putin. Further, tourists are shown the hall of the Upper Chamber, where various meetings are now taking place. The walls there are finished with oak panels and partially covered with gilding. In the hall you can see the coats of arms of the royal families of Hungary, frescoes with scenes from the history of the nobility.
The vestibule in front of the entrance to the hall deserves special attention, where there are 88 granite sculptures, each of which is dedicated to traditional Hungarian crafts. There is also an unusual stand for cigars, which are smoked by local aristocrats. Each has its own numbered compartment - this is done so that noble persons do not accidentally confuse them. There is a funny story associated with these cells. They say that during the meeting, one of its participants went out for a smoke break, but he was quickly called back - the speech of one of the parliamentarians began. The politician did not put out his cigar, hoping that he would be back in a couple of minutes. As a result, he was gone so long that the cigar had time to decay. And then he said: "This speech was worth one Havana."
Another important part is the hall under the main dome, where there are unique exhibits: St. Stephen's crown, scepter, orb and sword. They are guarded by a guard of honor. The walls are decorated with statues in honor of royalty and princes.
At the end of the tour, you can walk around the historical exhibition on the construction of the building for another half an hour to see an amazingly accurate example of the building itself at a scale of 1:100 made of polystyrene cardboard, which took half a year to create.
It is worth visiting the Hungarian Parliament building because it looks even better live than in the pictures. On average, it takes about two hours to inspect the main part of the building. After the tour, tourists often visit the nearby Ethnographic Museum and the Ministry of Agriculture, which were built according to the designs of those architects who once competed with Steindl for the right to become the author of the main attraction of Budapest. Also in the district there are beautiful monuments, among which the memorial to the victims of the Holocaust stands out sharply. Within walking distance from the Hungarian Parliament is one of the largest European churches - St. Stephen's Basilica - you can walk there in 15 minutes.
The grandiose building of the Hungarian Parliament is best admired from the Buda embankment. From here, the largest building in Hungary opens in all its glory. During the day, the Parliament seems strict and majestic, and with the onset of the evening, when the lights are turned on, it turns into a magical golden palace.
The English word "parliament" comes from the French word parler - to speak. This is the name of the highest representative and legislative body in democratic states. This body is called Parliament, for example, in Great Britain, France, Italy, Canada, Belgium, in the USA and most Latin American countries it is called Congress, in the Russian Federation - the Federal Assembly, in Lithuania and Latvia - the Seimas. In Hungary, it is called the “Country Assembly” (Országgyűlés), and the building in which the parliament is located is called the “Country House” (Országháza).
Until the Middle Ages, the Hungarian People's Assembly did not have a permanent building. The medieval chronicler Anonymous in his monumental work “The Acts of the Hungarians” (Gesta Hungarorum) says that the very first meeting dealing with state issues, the leader of the Ugric tribes, Prince Arpad convened in the Chongrad region, next to the Dyumölchen forest (Gyümölcsény еrdő).
Révay Kalmán: Prince Árpád. 1943.
Ferenc Nádasdy Museum (Nádasdy Ferenc Múzeum)
For centuries, state meetings were convened from time to time, by order of the king, most often in a huge field outside the Pest city wall, in the town of Rákos-mező (Rákos-mező). During the years of Turkish rule, there could be no talk of a people's assembly, and at the beginning of the 19th century, with the advent of the era of reforms, people's meetings began to be held in Požoni (present-day Bratislava). The first meeting in Buda took place in 1825. The Parliament Street (Országház utca) commemorates this historical event, and a memorial plaque is installed on the house number 28.
Congress hall.
At a meeting of parliament in 1830, the question of a new building was first raised. Architect Mihai Pollak completed the design of the building in the classicist style, but construction was postponed indefinitely, citing a lack of funds.
An unrealized project by Mihai Pollack.
August von Pettenkofen: Opening ceremony of the Hungarian Parliament, 1848
In 1861, according to the project of Miklós Ybla, a temporary palace building was finally built in Pest for meetings of members of Parliament.
After the conclusion of the Treaty of Equality between Hungary and Austria, Emperor Franz Joseph in December 1880 put his signature under the law on the construction of a new building of the Hungarian Parliament. But building such a representative building is no easy task!
In 1882, an international design competition was announced, for which 19 works were submitted. It is interesting to note that the Hungarians, having declared the competition international, cheated a little: the announcements were placed only in the Hungarian language. So the formalities were observed, and there were no foreigners.
Several projects submitted for the competition
(Ferdinand Fellner - Hermann Helmer)
(Schikedenz Albert)
(Forster Emil)
(Hauszmann Alajos)
The winner was the project of the Hungarian architect, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, lecturer at the Technical University Imre Steindl. All members of the competition committee were satisfied: only two changes were proposed to the project of an imposing eclectic building with a neo-Gothic facade, a Renaissance dome, a magnificent Baroque interior and neo-Byzantine decorations - it was necessary to build on a half-story and change the domes over the meeting rooms of the chambers.
Winning design by Imre Steindl
In his memoirs, Imre Steindl wrote that when working on his main project, he was inspired by the impressions of traveling abroad, in particular, from a trip to London, where he visited with his teacher, the Viennese architect Friedrich Schmidt, where Steindl was delighted with the Palace of Westminster on the coast Thames. Steindl called the City Hall in Vienna another such building.
In Steindl's workshop during the construction of the Parliament.
Construction began in October 1885. The place allocated for the construction was a real dump: construction debris was brought from the rapidly building Pest to a field outside the city wall.
The first step was to prepare the site for construction.
Start of construction, 1886
1890
The fact that the building is located right a stone's throw from the Danube is, of course, very beautiful, but this greatly complicated the construction. So that the construction site would not literally slide into the river, so that the huge building would not tilt and sink, several thousand larch piles were first driven, and a layer of concrete was placed on top, reaching five meters in the center of the site!
1891
1892
1894
A separate condition was the use of only Hungarian building materials. For seventeen years in a row, at least a thousand Hungarian workers were employed in construction under the guidance of the most famous Hungarian specialists at that time. The construction took on a grandiose scale and became a good impetus for the development of many branches of the Hungarian industry (for example, the extraction of marble, the production of electric lamps). To build a building with a total area of 17,745 m², it was necessary to move 176,000 cubic meters of earth, lay 40 million bricks. The planned building estimate of 18,500,000 gold crowns was greatly exceeded, totaling 37,000,000 crowns. At that time, it would have been possible to build a city of 40,000 inhabitants for such an amount!
The building of the Hungarian Parliament, the photo of which is presented below, is a symbol and one of the main attractions not only of Budapest itself, but of the whole country. It is one of the largest government buildings in the world. Excursions are organized here for everyone, in connection with which hundreds of thousands of tourists come here every year. One of the halls contains the main values of the country: the scepter, crown and mace of St. Stephen, who is the most respected ruler, because it was he who laid the foundations of the statehood of Hungary.
Prerequisites for construction
The state received the right to build its own parliament building in 1880. Since before that it was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, there was no similar building in Budapest. In this regard, it was decided to build a new building of the Hungarian Parliament from scratch. The authorities announced a competition in which 19 projects took part. Its winner was the work of a well-known neo-Gothic architect at the time, Imre Steindl. For the construction, a site was chosen on the banks of the Danube, located between the Margaret Bridge and the Chain Bridge. Construction work started in 1885.
erection
The construction of the facility lasted almost twenty years. Several thousand workers from all over the country took part in its construction. The building of the Hungarian Parliament was finally completed in 1904. Nevertheless, the first meeting of the state government in it was held ten years earlier. Then there were celebrations on the occasion of the celebration of the millennium from the day of the conquest of Hungary by the Magyars. 40 million bricks and 40 kilograms of gold were used to build the palace. Unfortunately, the architect Imre Steindl never saw his creation in its final form, because he did not live to that time, he died in 1902.
general description
The building of the Hungarian Parliament is made in neo-Gothic style. As conceived by the architect, its exterior was supposed to emphasize the greatness of the country, which at that time was on the wave of constant economic growth. In turn, the location on the banks of the Danube symbolized the hopes of the people for independence from Austria, as well as for cultural and political freedom.
The palace was built in the shape of a regular rectangle. Its dimensions in length and width are respectively 268 and 123 meters. The height of the main dome is 96 meters. It is believed that this figure contains some symbolism, because in 896 the country was conquered by the Magyars. The facade is made of light stone. It has 88 sculptures of personalities who played an important role in the history of the state. In addition, the facade is decorated with numerous columns, arches, cornices, towers and other architectural decorative elements.
Interior
The building of the Hungarian Parliament inside looks no less impressive and majestic than outside. Here, visitors can see a large number of paintings, mosaic floors, elegant stained-glass windows, panels and frescoes on the ceilings, beautiful lamps and much more. There are 691 rooms in the building. All rooms and halls are decorated with gold, expensive noble materials, precious woods and velvet. The floors are covered with expensive carpets. Directly under the central dome is the so-called Main Hall, where meetings were held and important laws were passed. It is decorated with sculptures depicting the history of the state, starting from the moment it was conquered by the Magyars. There are ten courtyards inside. You can get to the upper floors with the help of 13 elevators and 29 stairs. In order to enter the building of the Hungarian Parliament, 27 gates are provided. It should be noted that the side wings are symmetrical and have a similar interior. In one of them, meetings of the government are still held, and in the other - excursions for everyone.
Excursions
As noted above, the building is open to the public. Excursions are paid and are conducted by professional guides in eight languages. Their cost for adults is 4 thousand forints, and for children under the age of 6 years, admission is free. They pass almost every day, with the exception of a few public holidays. In this regard, it is recommended to clarify this point before going on an excursion to the building of the Hungarian Parliament.
Opening hours depend on the day of the week. For example, from Monday to Friday, entry is allowed from 8-00 to 18-00, and on Saturday and Sunday - from 8-00 to 16-00. On the days of plenary sessions, you can only go inside until 10 am. For tourists from our country, it is best to go here any day by 11-00, since this time is allocated for Russian-speaking excursions.
When visiting the building, you must follow the rules established by the security service. Every person who comes inside is carefully inspected by security personnel. It is recommended to take as few things as possible with you. Entrance with any kind of weapons, including gas cartridges, is prohibited. For the convenience of tourists, the building provides storage rooms and a wardrobe. It should also be noted that people with disabilities can also visit it. All that needs to be done in this case is simply to ask for help in buying a ticket at the box office. Visually impaired visitors are even allowed to enter with a guide dog.
The Parliament building in Budapest is the largest building in Hungary - it has almost 700 rooms, 29 staircases and 10 courtyards. This residence, built in 1896, is one of the main attractions of the country. More than half a million tourists visit the Parliament every year.
History of creation
The decision to build the building was made in 1843. However, these plans were thwarted by the soon-to-be-launched Hungarian Revolution. After the unification of Buda and Pest in 1873, the government returned to this idea. For the construction, a site was chosen on the eastern bank of the Danube, between the Szechenyi and Margit bridges.
According to the results of the qualifying competition for the position of architect, Imre Steindl, a great admirer of the neo-Gothic style, was chosen. As conceived by the master, the building is located in such a way that it can be viewed from all four sides. Other architects participating in the competition also contributed. According to their designs, the Ethnographic Museum and the Ministry of Agriculture were built next to the parliament.
The construction of the Hungarian Parliament lasted almost twenty years, from 1885 to 1904.
The result is a majestic building, 268 meters long and 123 meters wide.
Architecture lovers often compare this residence to the Palace of Westminster in London.
Architectural features
The parliament building covers an area of about 18,000 square meters. meters: almost 40 million bricks were used for its construction. The aim of the project was to show the talents of local craftsmen, so the residence is entirely built from Hungarian materials.
No funds were spared for the construction, only about 23 kilograms of gold and 30,000 cubic meters were used to decorate the interior. meters of carved ornaments.
The facade of the parliament is decorated with 90 sculptures depicting the great historical figures of Hungary, and the length of the red carpet inside the building is almost 3 kilometers.
Domed Hall of the Parliament
According to the project, the work should have been completed as early as 1896, but by that time only the central domed hall had been built, which is the basis of the entire building. In the same year, another anniversary of the conquest of Hungary by the Magyar tribes was celebrated in it.
The hall impresses with its size: the diameter of its dome is 20 meters, and the height reaches 27 meters. On both sides of the dome are the meeting rooms of the Parliament. Since the Hungarian Parliament is no longer bicameral, the second meeting room has been turned into a conference room. The room is decorated with 162 sculptures depicting the rulers of Hungary and Transylvania.
Since 2000, the small museum of the Parliament, inside the residence, has kept the royal symbols of power - the scepter, orb, sword and, of course, the crown of St. Stephen. Every hour for 20 minutes there is a guard of honor dressed in historical uniforms. The mantle, as well as the chests in which the coronation regalia were kept, are kept in the Hungarian National Museum. The interiors of the domed hall are richly decorated with mosaics, stained-glass windows and gilding in the medieval style.
Virtual tour of the parliament building
Excursions
The building of the Hungarian Parliament is a symbol of Budapest, its image can be found everywhere on souvenirs and postcards. All sightseeing tours of the city include a visit to the residence. Nearby attractions are also worthy of attention: the Kossuth memorial, monuments to Ferenc Rakoczy II, Imre Nagy, Attila Jozsef and participants in the 1956 uprising in Hungary.
If you come to the parliament building after dark, you can see a bewitching picture. Evening illumination of the residence and the reflection in the waters of the Danube make it look like a magic castle.
Guided tours of the Hungarian Parliament building are held daily. For guests from Russia, Russian-speaking guides work at 12.30 and at 15.30.
During the week of plenary sessions, visits to the residence may be limited. You can find out about all the changes in the work of the Parliament by phone or on the official website.
Judging by the reviews, tourists are advised to buy tickets for excursions in advance via the Internet or the Parliament's mobile application. This is more convenient, as there may be long queues at the box office and not everyone can get tickets. In the mobile application, you can also get acquainted with ticket information, history, architectural features and take a virtual tour of the building.
The cost of tickets to the Hungarian Parliament building in 2019
- for adults (non-EU citizens) - 6700 forints;
- for students (non-EU citizens, from 6 to 24 years old) - 3500 forints;
- for children under 6 years old - free of charge;
- for citizens of Hungary and the EU - 3500 forints;
- for students in Hungary and the EU - 1900 forints.
For getting discount ticket must present the relevant document. Groups can visit the building by prior registration.
Hungarian Parliament Building on Google Panorama
Visiting rules and dress code
In the parliament building it is prohibited:
- bring flags, badges and symbols of other states;
- make noise, listen to loud music, sing and demonstrate;
- eat, drink and smoke;
- sit on stairs, on interior items, kneel or lie down on the floor;
- touch the crown jewels;
- bring firearms and cold weapons, ammunition, explosives, as well as substances that can stain the property of the parliament and other visitors.
When visiting, dress in classic attire. It is not allowed to come in swimwear, short shorts and skirts, etc.
Upon entering the building, you must go through a security check. All large bags and suitcases are subject to inspection.
You can take photos and videos in the entire building, except for the domed hall and the security control area. In case of violation of the rules, visitors may be denied entry and conduct a tour.
Barrier-free access is provided for people with disabilities. Pets are not allowed, but blind visitors are allowed to enter with a guide dog.
How to get there
The building of the Hungarian Parliament is located at the address: Kossuth Square, 1-3.
It is easily accessible by public transport. To stop "Kossuth Lajos tér" can be reached:
- by tram number 2;
- on trolleybuses - No. 70, 78;
- by bus number 15;
- by metro - line M2.
You can order a taxi in Budapest through mobile applications Uber and Taxify.
You can also rent a car, travel time from the airport. Franz Liszt is about 40 minutes.
Route from Airport to Parliament - Google Maps
Hungarian parliament building: video
Basic moments
The need to build a new mansion for the country's parliament arose in 1873, when two cities located on opposite banks of the river decided to unite. Construction lasted for 19 years, and finishing work was completed only in 1904. Although more than a century has passed since the opening of the architectural monument, the building of the Hungarian Parliament continues to be the largest in Hungary and the largest government residence in Europe. It stretches for 268 m in length and 123 m in width, and the interior has an area of 17,745 m².
The huge building has a central dome, the spire of which rises 96 m from the ground. On the sides of it are wings, where there are halls for meetings of parliamentarians and conferences. The majestic mansion has 29 staircases, 13 entrances, 13 elevators, 27 gates and 10 courtyards.
The architecture of the Hungarian parliament building is eclectic. It harmoniously combines Neo-Gothic traditions and Parisian Beaux-Arts - a style that arose in the middle of the 19th century and continued the traditions of the French Baroque and the Italian Renaissance. Facade architectural structure decorated with sculptures depicting Hungarian and Transylvanian rulers. When the country followed the socialist path, a five-pointed ruby star adorned the spire above the central dome. The mansion looks especially beautiful from the side of the river. In order for the huge building to fit completely into the frame, it must be filmed from the opposite side of the Danube.
Hungarian parliament at dusk
Construction of the building of the Hungarian Parliament
The building of the Hungarian Parliament was decided to be built when Buda and Pest merged into a single urban agglomeration - Budapest. Lands on the left bank of the Danube below the Margaret Bridge were chosen for construction. The Hungarian authorities held a competition of architectural designs, and the Hungarian specialist in Gothic architecture, Imre Steindl, was declared the winner. He had great authority in the city, since the building of the New Town Hall had already been built according to his project for Budapest.
The construction of the building of the Hungarian Parliament began in 1885. Initially, they wanted to open it for the 1000th anniversary of Hungary, that is, in 1896. But the construction turned out to be so large-scale and costly that by the holiday the builders managed to build only the main domed hall, which has a height of 27 m and a diameter of 20 m.
The grand opening took place in 1902, but the architect did not live to see this joyful moment for only five weeks. It took about two more years to finish without interior spaces, and, finally, in 1904 everything was completed. According to accounting documents, forty million bricks and forty kilograms of gold were spent for the construction of the Hungarian parliament building.
What can be seen inside
The entrance to the building of the Hungarian Parliament is from the side of the square named after Lajos Kossuth. Visitors enter through the Lion's Gate. Offices and halls look no less luxurious than facades. Like medieval palaces, they are decorated with colorful mosaics, stained-glass windows, stucco, carvings and gilding. Bright carpets lie on the wide staircases, many rich chandeliers and elegant candle lanterns are exhibited in the rooms, and the walls are decorated with murals, tapestries and paintings. The building houses a museum that tells about the history of Hungarian parliamentarism.
The largest hall is decorated with sculptors of the Hungarian kings. One of the main symbols of Hungarian statehood is kept here - the ancient crown of St. Stephen. It was placed on the head of the first king of Hungary in 1000 and has since been used in the ceremonies of ascension to the throne of all the kings who ruled in this country. Other symbols of royal power are placed next to the crown - a sword, a scepter and an orb. And near the royal regalia, you can see a guard of honor dressed in historical uniforms.
Information for tourists
The building of the Hungarian Parliament is open to visitors daily. From April to October, they are allowed here: on weekdays from 8.00 to 18.00 and on weekends from 8.00 to 16.00. From November to March - any day from 8.00 to 18.00. Every day from 9.45 to 16.00 there are guided tours around the building of the Hungarian Parliament, which last 45-50 minutes. For Russian-speaking travelers, they start at 12.30 on Sundays and at 15.15 on other days. Children under 6 years old can visit the building for free.
In order to avoid standing in line for tickets, they can be purchased in advance via the Internet. This is very convenient, since the network always has information about the number of remaining tickets for any day. When the purchase is paid, it is enough to print a copy of the electronic voucher and then show it at the entrance.
How to get there
The building of the Hungarian Parliament stands in the center of the Hungarian capital, on Lajos Kossuth Square, 1-3. It is easily reachable on foot from the M2 metro station "Kossuth Lajos ter". Trams No. 2 and DH, trolleybuses No. 70 and 78 and buses No. 15 and 115 also go here.