Interesting facts: Majestic mountains of Kyrgyzstan. Landscapes of kyrgyzstan High mountains of kyrgyzstan

Mountains of Kyrgyzstan 88 ridges of the mighty mountain system - Tien Shan stretch in long chains from west to east. The name of the system in translation means "Heavenly Mountains". Other mountain systems, such as the Chon Alai range in the south of the country, belong to the Pamir mountain system. The mountains divide the country into northern and southern regions, connected by a single Bishkek-Osh road. The average length of the mountain ranges of Kyrgyzstan is 100-300 km. The length of the longest ridge (Kakshaal) is 582 km, the Kyrgyz ridge, which is located south of Bishkek, stretches for 454 kilometers. The width of the ranges varies from 10 to 40 kilometers. Tien Shan Mountains Tien Shan is the longest mountain system in Asia. The ridge is 2800 km long and 800 km wide. There are 40 peaks over 6000 meters high on the ridge. It lies on the territory of several neighboring states, but most of it is located on the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic. Stretching for 2800 kilometers from the Chatkal Range east of Tashkent to Urumqi (beyond which the Tien Shan borders the Bogdo-Ula Range), the mountain range is divided into northern, western, eastern, central and inland parts, each of which has characteristic "alpine" signs. The central part of the ridge lies to the southeast of Lake Issyk-Kul and is known for two the highest peaks - Pobeda and Khan-Tengri peaks, adjacent to other mountain ranges stretching from east to west. The mountain range surrounding a group of glaciers in the upper reaches of the Inylchek River is interesting for two peaks over 7000 meters high, 23 peaks over 6000 meters high, including 3 impregnable peaks and 80 peaks from 5000 to 6000 meters above sea level with 14 more peaks. The ridge consists of sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks. The first mention of the Heavenly Mountains appeared in antiquity. According to ancient writings and notes of travelers, expeditions to these places have been made since ancient times, but all of them are more like legends than facts. The expedition of the Russian explorer Pyotr Semenov in the middle of the 19th century shed light on the mystery of the Heavenly Mountains for the first time. Thanks to his research, P. Semenov even received a second surname from the tsar - Tien-Shansky. Interestingly, the northern regions of the mountain system were first described in the 7th century by the Buddhist monk Xuan Zan, who left behind the following information: “... nothing but snow and ice. It snows both in summer and in spring. A fierce wind rages day and night." Surely a similar picture was observed by the famous traveler Marco Polo, who traveled along this route with his father and uncle back in 1273. The Terskey Ala-Too Ridge (“Misty Mountains”) is located along the southern shore of Lake Issyk-Kul. The Kungei Ala-Too ridge (“Sunny Mountains”) is located on the northern shore of Lake Issyk-Kul and forms the border with Kazakhstan. The Kyrgyz Range (Kyrgyz Ala-Too) originates in the valley of the Issyk-Kul River, extends along the northern border of Kyrgyzstan, 40 kilometers south of Bishkek. Pamir is located in the southern part of the country. The most extreme northern sections of the Pamir system lie in Kyrgyzstan, namely, the Zaalai Range. The Pamir-Alai Mountains separate the Pamirs from the Tien Shan and are divided into the Turkestan (with several unconquered peaks) and Alai ranges. The majestic mountains of Kyrgyzstan attract climbers and lovers of mountain walks from all over the world. The mountains, whose peaks are covered with snow all year round, are called “Ala-Too” in Kyrgyzstan, which means “multi-colored, bright mountains” in Kyrgyz. Often, the snow line extends for 3,600 meters. Smaller mountain systems of Kyrgyzstan: Ak Sheirak, Chatkal, Ferghana, Keolu, Kok Shaal, Talas and Zaalai are no less popular among climbers. In Soviet times, the region was closed to foreigners, and even citizens of the Soviet Union had difficulty obtaining permits to conduct expeditions and hikes here. Currently, there are still restrictions on tourists in some mountainous areas, and a special permit is required for civilians in the border areas. The difficulties faced by climbers are exacerbated by changeable weather: snow can suddenly fall, and this can happen several times a day, which significantly increases the risk of avalanches and landslides. The mountainous terrain varies from ordinary mountain ranges to alpine-type highlands, where you can observe a variety of landscapes. Forests are mainly concentrated on the northern slopes, covered with snow most of the time, while grassy meadows and pastures (“jailoo”) on the southern slopes are abundantly illuminated by sunlight. List of mountain ranges and peaks in Kyrgyzstan: Range Length (km) Width (km) Highest peak Highest point (above sea level) Average height (above sea level) Kokshal Too 582 54 Pobeda (Pobeda Peak) 7439 4500 Chon Alai 250 40 Lenin Peak 7134 5460 Alai 350 20 Tandaulo 5880 4450 Sarah jazz 93 16 PIK Semenova 5816 4700 Turkestan 300 30 Peak Sabla 5621 4430 Terskay- Alatau 354 40 peak Karakolsky 5280 4290 AK-gishorak 60 28 Jaman-SU 5126 4720 FERGANA 206 62 Kara-Carac -Eit) 4940 3620 Kyrgyz 454 40 peak Alalameddin 4855 3700 at-Bashi 140 30 Yerme 4786 4300 kungays Alato 285 32 hoc-tall 4771 4200 chat 305 30 peak chat (Aflatun) 4503 3800 Naryn 100 18 4500 4200 thalas 260 40 Manas Peak 4488 3930 Jumgal-too 54 15 Min Teke 4281 3800 Climbers who manage to conquer all five seven-thousanders of Central Asia, three of which lie on the territory of Kyrgyzstan, receive a certificate and the honorary title of "Snow Leopard". List of seven-thousanders: 1. Communism Peak (Tajikistan - 7495 m) 2. Pobeda Peak (Kyrgyzstan - 7345 m) 3. Lenin Peak (Kyrgyzstan - 7134 m) 4. Korzhenevsky Peak (Tajikistan - 7105 m) 5. Khan-Tengri Peak ( Kyrgyzstan - 7010 m) Mountains of Kyrgyzstan: secondary peaks The names of the lower peaks may not mean anything to non-professional climbers, but here are the most famous of them: Adygene Peak (4393 m) is located on the territory of the Ala-Archa National Park. The peak is more suitable for trekking than climbing. Chapaev Peak (6371 m) is located in the Central Tien Shan in the Muztag massif. Crown Peak (4860 m) is located on the territory of the Ala-Archa National Park. Six peaks from afar resemble a crown, which explains their name. Mountain slopes reach a height of 600 meters, the northern slope - 900 meters. Friendship Peak (6800 m) is located in the Central Tien Shan in the Muztag massif. Gorky Peak (6050 m) lies in the Pobeda massif. It represents one of the most difficult peaks for rock climbers due to constantly changing weather conditions. From the side, the mountain resembles a pyramid with ice slopes up to 200 meters high. Svobodnaya Korea Peak is located on the Ak-Sai Ridge in the Ala-Archa National Park. The northern slope rises 800 meters above the steep cliffs. Djigit Peak is located in the Oguz Bashi massif on the southern shore of Issyk-Kul Lake. Peak Karakol (5216 m) is located in the Oguz Bashi massif on the southern shore of Lake Issyk-Kul. According to tradition, Komsomol Peak is conquered every year on May 1st. Peak Manas (4482 m) - highest point Talas ridge. Marble Wall Peak (6400 m) is located in the Central Tien Shan in the Muztag massif. Peak Shater (6700 m) is located in the Central Tien Shan in the Muztag massif. Military Topographers Peak (6873 m) is located in the Central Tien Shan in the Muztag massif. Peace Peak (4940 m) is located near Lenin Peak. The ascent takes two days and is often used by climbers to acclimatize before conquering higher mountains. Peak Nansen (5697 m) is located in the Central Tien Shan in the Muztag massif. The Peak of the 19th Congress of the Party (5882 m) is also known as Korzhenevsky Peak (not to be confused with Korzhenevskaya Peak in Tajikistan with a height of 7105 meters). It is clearly visible from the campsites at the foot of Lenin Peak and is often used by rock climbers for acclimatization before conquering Lenin Peak. Petrovsky Peak (4910 m) rises above the Achik Tash camp used by climbers preparing to climb Lenin Peak from its northern side. Often used by climbers to acclimatize before conquering higher points. Przhevalsky Peak (6450 m) is located in the Central Tien Shan in the Muztag massif. Pyramid Peak (5215 m) is located in the region of the Turkestan Ogus Bashi Range in the Jeti Oguz Valley near the city of Karakol on the southern shore of Lake Issyk-Kul. Pyramid Peak is the highest point of the massif with such peaks as Karakol and Dzhigit and is surrounded by glaciers. The northern slopes of the massif are dotted with deep gorges. There are a number of routes leading to the peak, from easy to difficult. Peak Semenov-Tyan-Shansky is a great difficulty for climbers. Only a few expeditions have been registered that have laid seven routes to the summit. The peak of Soviet Kyrgyzstan is located in the Central Tien Shan in the Muztag massif.

Peaks of Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan is a country, one third of whose territory is occupied by the Pamir and Tien Shan mountain ranges. Among them there are 3 peaks, the height of which exceeds the mark of 7 thousand meters. Climbing the 5 highest "seven-thousanders" of the post-Soviet space is the dream of many climbers.

Lenin Peak, today called Abu Ali ibn Sino with a height of 7134 m, is an ideal option for climbers who want to conquer the seven thousandth peak, but do not have enough experience. Due to the absence of significant difficulties, the relative simplicity of the route and the base camp located on a green meadow (3600 m), this peak is considered the most "friendly". To climb Lenin Peak, you need a minimum of professional equipment.

One of the most beautiful and therefore desirable peak is Khan Tengri (7010 m), located at the junction of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and China. For its unprecedented beauty, the peak of the Tien Shan is called the "Lord of the Sky" and is revered by the border states as the place where the gods live.

The wayward Pobeda Peak, located at an altitude of 7439 m, is the highest point of the Tien Shan. Despite its great fame, it is the least likely to be conquered and has the fewest routes suitable for climbing. The reason for this is considered unpredictable weather conditions that can change dramatically in just a few minutes. You can "defeat" the mountain only during a short summer period (July - August), the only successful winter attempt to climb was made in 1990, and for many it turned into a long recovery period in the hospital.

2.

Peak Lenin located on the border of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan and, being the top of the Zaalai Range, is considered one of the highest points in the Pamirs. Its height of 7134 m was discovered one of the first among the 5 famous seven-thousanders and conquered the largest number of times. There are 16 fairly simple routes along the southern and northern slopes of the mountain, so the recently renamed Lenin Peak, recently renamed Abu Ali ibn Sino, is considered one of the favorites for both beginners and experienced climbers and skiers.

Often, a series of five ascents begins from Lenin Peak, which is necessary for the implementation of the Snow Leopard program. No less interesting than the ascent is the descent from the top. The main advantage of this part of the Pamirs is relatively stable and favorable weather conditions. But, despite the numerous advantages, one should not forget about the difficulties inherent in all seven-thousanders: rarefied air, high physical and mental stress, low temperatures, bad weather conditions and cracks in the glaciers.

The well-equipped starting base "Achik Tash" (3600 m), located on a green alpine meadow, and camp No. 1 at an altitude of 4400 m also contribute to a comfortable ascent.

3,

Khan Tengri

Climbing the Khan Tengri peak with a height of 7010 m reveals to the conquerors unique landscapes of exceptional beauty. For its majestic and beautiful view, the peak of the Tien Shan is called by the Kyrgyz and Kazakhs living nearby, "Lord of the Sky" and "Divine House".

Khan Tengri is a young mountain with slopes not yet smoothed by the winds, but with a fairly predictable disposition. Avalanches often come down from sheer and steep ledges, stones break off and ice floes break off, which often complicates the ascent. Few decide to climb to the top point, but those who have been there are happy to share their incomparable impressions. About 25 relatively safe routes have been laid to the highest point from the south and north. Following them together with an experienced guide, you can bypass dangerous places and safely reach the desired point.

The sharp conical shape of Khan Tengri is considered close to ideal and is known all over the world for its beauty. All summer, many climbers come to the foot of the mountain. Testing the strength of character and willpower, spending the night in tents and warming up by the fire, the conquerors of the peaks discover a poorly studied planet and find a new meaning of existence.

4.

Victory Peak - the highest and uncompromising point of Kyrgyzstan, rising above sea level by 7439 m. This peak is one of the five mandatory mountains in the CIS and one of the three seven-thousanders of Kyrgyzstan for the conquest of which you can get the honorary title and the Snow Leopard token.

Despite the fact that the first ascent to Pobeda Peak took place back in 1956, the mountain every time resists its conquerors with all its might. Not every eight-thousander can compare with the ascent even on the safest southern slope. This is due to unpredictable weather conditions and complex deceptive terrain. The slopes are characterized by frequent avalanches, very low temperatures below -30ºС, and icy winds reaching, and often exceeding, speeds of 150 km per hour.

The easiest southern route of the ascent is rated on a 5-point out of 6 possible levels of difficulty. A number of northern routes reach the highest degree of danger. Even the slightest mistakes and negligence cost the lives of many experienced climbers. And although modern technologies, equipment and equipment greatly facilitate the task of conquerors of mountain peaks, only a few were able to achieve the desired height here. Only physically strong, mentally strong and sufficiently prepared people are capable of reaching the victory point. Conquering the summit is akin to a real victory and is regarded as a feat among athletes - climbers from many countries.

5.

Ak-Sai horseshoe

In the northern part of the Kyrgyz Alatau, in the Ala-Archa gorge, there is one of the most interesting concepts of the Tien-Shan ridge - the Ak-Sai horseshoe. Its traverse includes 14 peaks, starting from a height of 3900 m and up to the highest peak Semyon - Tien Shan with a height of 4879 m above sea level. Peaks also include:

l located at 4200 m Peak Box and Cosmonaut;

l 4300 m - Peak Geologists, 4380 m - Dvurogaya;

l from 4400 m - Simagin peak, Teke-Tor;

l over 4500 - Baichechekey Peak, Teacher;

l 4600 m and 4650 m - Ak-Too and Skryabin peaks;

l 4700 m - Bailyang Bashi and 4740 m - Korea.

The traverse is well suited for sport climbing. Depending on the difficulty, 25 routes of the penultimate category of difficulty are presented here. Most often, climbers climb peaks up to 4500 m. Among the 8 routes of the highest level of difficulty are the peaks of Korea and Korona.

One of the advantages of this area is its compact location and the proximity of routes to parking lots. 4 huts in the area of ​​Racek and Korona are designed for different capacities. 2 shelters at an altitude of 3400 m can accommodate a total of 50 people. A little higher, at an altitude of 3700 m, in the Koronskaya camp and the Science hut, up to 11 people can fit. And although the buildings are not particularly comfortable or furnished, the bunk beds and the table inside are quite enough for a good rest after lifting.

Beginners and novice athletes who want to gain additional experience and training before climbing can practice in the circus of the Adygene glacier. The highest point of over a dozen peaks reaching the 3rd category of difficulty is at around 4,404 m above sea level. There is also a well-equipped and comfortable camp with all amenities, furnished in a hotel style.

Kyrgyzstan is a state in Central Asia. Capital - Bishkek, big cities- Osh, Karakol, Naryn. This is a country with oriental flavor, yurts of nomads, noisy bazaars, archaeological sites of the times of the Great Silk Road.

Nature is one of the main wealth of the country. Kyrgyzstan surprises with its mountain rivers with waterfalls, unique mountain lakes and hot springs. Only here you can see the world's only fruit and nut relic forests. Almost the entire territory of the country is occupied by mountains, the most prominent peaks of the Tien Shan and Pamir are located here. Climbing and trekking routes of varying difficulty are popular with tourists. In winter, ski resorts are active.

The cuisine is rich in meat and dairy dishes, among which koumiss is in a special place. Tea drinking is a traditional ceremony, served with local sweets and dried fruits. Handicrafts will be excellent souvenirs: felt garments and carpets, jewelry and wood carvings.

The best hotels and hostels at affordable prices.

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What to see in Kyrgyzstan?

The most interesting and Beautiful places, photos and a short description.

A very large and deep lake, the largest in the country. The maritime climate and convenient beaches have made Issyk-Kul popular with tourists. The infrastructure on the coast is very well developed and offers various opportunities for recreation. The fauna of the reservoir is diverse, represented by many species of fish. The water is mineralized and has healing properties.

A large mountain system, part of it is located on the territory of Kyrgyzstan. On the border with China, there is the most prominent peak - Pobeda, its height is more than 7000 meters. The landscape is represented by deserts, glaciers, mountain rivers and lakes.

Nature reserve in the mountains. untouched forests, mountain rivers with waterfalls, a glacial lake - the gorge is very beautiful at any time of the year. It contains many hot healing springs. Mineralized water, radon, hydrogen sulfide - in one area the sources are all different. You can take thermal baths all year round.

The mountain in the south of Kyrgyzstan is the first UNESCO monument in the country. The appearance of Suleiman-Too is unusual - it is an elongated five-domed limestone massif, more than a kilometer long. On the mountain and its elephants there are several historical objects and buildings dating back to different eras. There is also a museum of its history.

In the mountains there is a village of the same name, a resort, a tract, waterfalls and a unique relict walnut forest. This is one of the most beautiful resorts in the south of the country. The area is picturesque, unique in its own way. Tourists at the resort are offered both hiking trails, and sightseeing trips on off-road vehicles.

Natural park in the river valley. It is located near Bishkek and is its main attraction. In the gorge you can find all the climatic zones of Kyrgyzstan. Vegetation and fauna are very diverse, many rare representatives. Popular place for hiking and climbing.

A picturesque gorge on the southern coast of Issyk-Kul. The long wooded valley is famous for its thermal springs(Jety Oguz resort) and picturesque red rocks. The Seven Bulls Ridge and the Broken Heart Rock attract many tourists.

Archaeological and architectural complex, including an ancient minaret - the only surviving building of the ancient settlement. The height of the tower was about 40 meters, now only half has survived. The building consists of several levels, all of red brick. Nearby is a collection of stone tombstones and statues.

A building built in the 15th century on the site of an even more ancient monastery. Located in a secluded valley, among the mountains, not far from the border with China. Monument of medieval architecture. Later it was used as a caravanserai for merchants following the Great Silk Road.

The most ancient monument of the republic, a unique architectural structure of the XIV century. The building is the tomb of one of the daughters of the local ruler Amir Abuq. The mausoleum is made of brick and terracotta, decorated with carvings and inscriptions.

In the tract of Saimaly-Tash, in the depths of the Ferghana Range, there is an ancient sanctuary of fire worshipers. Many stones are decorated with ancient petroglyphs, their age is estimated at several thousand years. In total, there are about 20 thousand stones with images in the valley.

One of the Tien Shan glaciers, the largest of all. Its shape resembles a tree, the crown of which is formed by about 70 other, large and small, glaciers. The area of ​​Inylchek is about 500 km², and the length of the “tongue” is almost 50 kilometers.

A large alpine lake, located between the Tien Shan ranges. A popular place for eco-tourism. Part of the coast of the reservoir is part of state reserve. There are a lot of fish in the lake, various birds nest on the shore.

Deep and long freshwater lake, the second largest in Kyrgyzstan. Located high in the mountains, on the territory of the biosphere reserve. Formed about 10 thousand years ago. The shores are wooded and very picturesque. A popular route for ecological tourism.

A real oriental bazaar with a lot of goods and sellers not only local, but also from neighboring countries. There is more choice here than anywhere else in Central Asia. The market is the same age as the Great Silk Road, which ran in this place before. The bazaar is more than 2000 years old and it has not changed its place during this time. Very large, almost a kilometer long. Works daily, without days off.

It is located within the Tien Shan mountain system and is larger in area, and its southwestern part is within the Pamir-Alai mountain system.

Delightful landscape of mountains and lake in Kyrgyzstan

The most important mountain objects of Kyrgyzstan are the following: the Akshiyrak massif, mountain range Kokshal-Too (the highest point is Dankov Peak, 5982 m above sea level), the Kyrgyz Range, the Kungei Ala-Too Mountain Range and the Fergana Mountain Range.

And the most important mountain objects of the western part Kyrgyzstan, which is located respectively within the western Tien Shan mountain range, are: the Talas Ala-Too ridge, the Chatkal ridge, as well as the picturesque Talas valley.

In the southern part Kyrgyzstan and there are: the northern slope of the Turkestan ridge, the Alai mountain range, as well as the Alai valley of the same name and the northern mountain slope of the Zaalai ridge (Lenin Peak, 7134 m above sea level), which constitutes the northern majestic outskirts of the Pamir mountain system.

In the southwestern part of the country Kyrgyzstan located: northern, southern and eastern outskirts of the picturesque Fergana basin with adjacent foothills.

Impressive mountains on the way from Osh to Naryn

The picturesque slopes of the mountains of the Karakol resort

Mountains in national park Jeti Oguz