Where is French Guiana located on the world map. Cayenne is the interesting and beautiful capital of French Guiana. Best time to travel to French Guiana

The name of the territory dates back to the time when there were three colonies with the same name "Guiana": British Guiana (now Guyana), Dutch Guiana (now Suriname) and French Guiana.

The territory of French Guiana borders Suriname, Brazil, and is washed in the north and northeast by Atlantic Ocean.

State symbols

Official flag d – flag of France.

Flag of French Guiana– is a panel on which there is a logo with a yellow five-pointed star in a blue field above an orange figure in a yellow boat in a green field, above two orange wave lines. Above the logo is the inscription GUYANE and LA RÉGION.

Coat of arms- is a shield that consists of equally wide stripes of blue, red and green. On the blue stripe there are three French gold lilies - a symbol of the French monarchy and possession of the territory by France. The number 1643 is placed at the top: in 1643, French Guiana was annexed to France.
The red stripe depicts a boat loaded with gold floating on a green river. A boat with gold indicates the natural wealth of the territory.
On the green stripe there are 3 water lily flowers, representing the wildlife of the territory.

Territory arrangement

Political status- overseas department of France.
Head of Department- prefect appointed by the President of France.
Administrative center- Cayenne.

Official language - French. There are a number of other local spoken languages.
Territory– 91 thousand km².
Administrative division – 2 districts, which consist of 22 communes.
Population– 237,549 people. Ethnic composition: up to 70% blacks and mulattoes (Creoles, immigrants from Haiti), 12% Europeans (mainly French and Portuguese), 3% Indians, 15% Brazilians and descendants of immigrants from various Asian countries. The population is mainly concentrated in a narrow coastal strip.
Official religion - Catholicism, only a small part of the population professes Hinduism and Voodoo.
Currency unit – euro.
Economy– reserves of gold, bauxite, oil, niobium, tantalum. Only bauxite is mined, as well as small quantities of tantalum and gold. More than 90% of the territory is covered with forest (including valuable species: red, pink, teak, muscat, mora, etc.).
Activities play an important economic role in the country National Center France for space research, located on the Atlantic coast, in the Kourou region.
Agriculture: sugar cane, almost all of which is used to make rum. Bananas, citrus fruits, cassava, and rice are cultivated. Livestock farming is poorly developed. Shrimp fishing off the coast. Main exports: gold, timber, rum, shrimp.

Education– The University of the Antilles and Guianas is partly located in Guiana. The education system in Guiana is French.
On the territory of Guiana there is the Kourou Cosmodrome (Guiana Space Center). The spaceport is located on the Atlantic coast between the towns of Kourou and Sinnamary, 50 km from Cayenne. The first launch from the Kourou cosmodrome was carried out on April 9, 1968.

Nature

The coast of Guiana stretches along the entire coast of the Atlantic Ocean in a strip approximately 20 km wide. This is approximately 6% of the entire area of ​​Guiana. The rest of Guiana is a wooded plateau, with altitudes up to 850 m. More than 90% of the territory is covered with forest.

Climatesubequatorial.

Toucan
The fauna is tropical. Jaguars, tapirs, toucans, dozens of species of monkeys, etc. live here. The environment of French Guiana is carefully preserved. French Guiana has very beautiful and wild beaches.

Sloth
Very large variety of butterflies.

Sights of Guiana

Saint-Sauveur Cathedral (Cayenne)

Cathedral of the Diocese of Cayenne. Historical monument. Construction of the temple was completed in 1833. The church was consecrated in 1861 in honor of the Holy Savior. The cathedral is a basilica without an apse with two naves, built in the imperial colonial style. In 2003, an organ was installed in the cathedral. This is the most big temple in French Guiana.

Alexander Franconi Museum (Cayenne)

National Museum of France. Founded in 1901. The exhibition is based on objects natural history, archeology and ethnography of French Guiana. Colonial life of the 19th century is widely represented.
The museum is located in the Franconi House. The house belonged to the Franconi family, whose representatives settled in Cayenne in the 18th century. A philanthropist and humanist, Alexandre Franconi amassed a large library and collection of objects from the history and culture of Guiana. His son and heir Gustave Franconi sold the building to the municipality in 1885 and bequeathed the library to the city.
The Franconi House was built between 1824 and 1842. The oldest part has a U-shaped plan overlooking a small garden. The building was built in colonial style. It consists of a wooden frame filled with bricks.

Devil's Island

One of the three islands of the Ile du Salut archipelago, 13 km off the coast of French Guiana.
In 1852-1952. the island served as a prison for especially dangerous criminals. The prison was created by the government of Emperor Napoleon III in 1852. The prisons were located on all three islands and on the coast at Kourou. Over time, they all began to be referred to by the collective name “Devil’s Island.”

Dreyfus Hut
On April 13, 1895, the Jewish artillery captain Alfred Dreyfus was imprisoned here. He was charged with high treason against France. It was an unjust accusation with a death sentence, which was later commuted to life imprisonment. This outraged the French intelligentsia. Emile Zola published an open letter in his defense on January 13, 1898. He accused French President Felix Faure of anti-Semitism and the unfair verdict of Dreyfus.
Dreyfus was rehabilitated only in 1906. The prison closed in 1952.

Church of St. Joseph (Mana)

The parish church of the Cayenne diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the city of Mana.
The Church, like the commune itself, was founded by Blessed Anna Maria Javouet, founder and first superior general of the Congregation of the Cluny Sisters of St. Joseph. She first arrived in Guiana on August 10, 1828. The first thing she did was build the first chapel. This wooden church is historical monument France.

Guiana Amazon (national park)

Biggest national park France. There are no roads leading into the park and access is possible either by air or by water. The area of ​​the park is 33.9 thousand km². Established in 2007. The entire park is located in natural area tropical forest.

Story

This territory was discovered by the Spaniards in 1499, but did not attract them. In 1604, the first French colonists settled in Guiana. In the XVII-XVIII centuries. The Dutch and British repeatedly tried to take over the territory. French power over Guiana was finally established in 1817.
The French begin to develop plantation farming in Guiana. For this purpose, they began to import black slaves from Africa.
In 1848, slavery was abolished, and the territory of Guiana was turned into a place of exile. In 1855, gold was discovered here.
After the abolition of slavery, French authorities began to encourage immigration. In the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. the population of the colony increased greatly, because the discovery of gold deposits attracted thousands of people there. At the height of the gold rush, up to 40 thousand miners worked in the jungles of French Guiana, most of whom died from disease, snakes, wild animals and other difficulties.
Since 1852, French Guiana became a place of exile for “undesirable political elements.” The first exiles were participants in the French Revolution of 1848. In total, about 70 thousand were exiled from 1852 to 1939.
At the same time as the gold rush, territorial disputes between France and the Netherlands and Brazil broke out. For some time, the self-proclaimed Kunani Republic existed in the disputed territories in an atmosphere of anarchy and anarchy.
On March 19, 1946, French Guiana became an overseas department of France.

In 1964, Guiana, due to its proximity to the equator, was chosen by France as the site for the construction of a space launch complex.

French Guiana or Guiana- the largest overseas region of France, located in the northeast South America. It borders on the west with Suriname (border length 510 km), on the south and east with Brazil (673 km), and on the north and northeast by the Atlantic Ocean. The administrative center is the city of Cayenne. Area 86,504 km².

The official name is simply Guiana, the clarification “French” dates back to the time when there were three colonies called Guiana: British (now Guyana), Dutch (now Suriname) and French.

The coastline of Guiana is 378 km. The coast is low-lying and marshy, stretches in a strip approximately 20 km wide along the entire coast of the Atlantic Ocean, occupying about 6% of the territory. The rest of Guiana is a wooded plateau, with altitudes reaching 850 m. Highest point countries: Bellevue de l'Inini - 851 m.

Climate in French Guiana

Climate in French Guiana- tropical, humid and hot, with almost constant temperatures, from +25 to +28°C. Precipitation falls about 2500-4000 mm per year, mainly from January to May-June.

Humidity is extremely high all year round, even in the dry period from July-August to December it can reach 100%. On the Atlantic coast of Guiana, the humidity is not as oppressive as in the interior regions, but is still quite difficult for a European to bear.

The most optimal period to visit is from July-August to December.

Population

The population of French Guiana is 209,000 people (2007). More than half of the population are mulattoes (Creoles). They are followed in number by whites (about 12% - mostly French), then Indians, Chinese, blacks and Indians.

The population is concentrated in a narrow coastal strip; the interior areas are almost deserted.

About 48% of the country's population are Catholics, 15% are Protestants, 1.3% are Jews and 4.5% are Muslims. Indians practice their own religious cults.

Official language: French, several varieties of Creole are widely used in oral communication.Official language: French, several varieties of Creole are widely used in oral communication.

Currency

Monetary unit of French Guiana- euro (€ or EUR), 1 euro is 100 cents. There are banknotes in circulation in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 euros, as well as coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cents.

Banks are open from Monday to Friday, from 7.30 to 12.00 and from 14.30 to 17.30. Saturday, Sunday and holidays are usually not working. Currency exchange offices are open daily, except Saturdays, from 9.00 to 18.00.

You can exchange currency in banks and exchange offices, however, in many of them the US dollar exchange rate is noticeably lower than the official one, so it is better to bring euros with you. It is not recommended to change currency on the street (there is a high risk of fraud), as well as in hotels, where the rate is usually much lower than in exchange offices or banks.

Credit cards are accepted in most restaurants, almost all hotels and many shops. ATMs are widespread.

Travel checks can be cashed in Cayenne and Kourou, where they are accepted in most hotels and large stores. In other cities their use is somewhat difficult. To avoid additional expenses In case of exchange rate fluctuations, it is recommended to take checks in euros with you.

Communications

Calling code: 594

Internet domain: .gf

Telephone codes cities

No area codes are used, all numbers are six-digit.

How to call

To call from Russia to French Guiana, you need to dial: 8 - dial tone - 10 - 594 - subscriber number.

To call from French Guiana to Russia, you need to dial: 00 - 7 - area code - subscriber number.

Landline communications

Payphones operate using telephone cards, which are sold at post offices, newspaper shops and tobacco kiosks. Many telephones in the capital and Kuru receive credit cards to pay for international calls.

mobile connection

cellular GSM 900/1800 standard. The local operator is Digicel (digicel.fr).

Shopping

Shops are usually open from Monday to Saturday, from 08.00 to 13.00 and from 16.00 to 18.30, on Sundays from 09.00 to 12.30. On Wednesdays and Fridays, many stores have reduced opening hours, and during Carnival and other national holidays, almost all stores are closed.

The most popular souvenirs are local rum and wood crafts.

History of French Guiana

Guiana was discovered by the Spaniards in 1499, but did not attract their interest. In 1604, the first French colonists settled in Guiana. In the 17th-18th centuries, the Dutch and the British repeatedly tried to take possession of this territory. French power over Guiana was finally established in 1817.

WITH late XVII centuries, the French have been developing plantation farming in Guiana. Since the Indians refused to work on the plantations, the French began to import black slaves from Africa.

The mid-19th century was marked by three important events for French Guiana: the abolition of slavery (in 1848), the transformation of the territory into a place of exile (from 1852), and the discovery of gold deposits (in 1855).

The abolition of slavery led to an acute labor shortage in the plantation economy, which forced the French authorities to resort to a policy of encouraging immigration. In the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, the population of the colony increased mainly due to the immigration of Creoles from the French Antilles and Indians and Chinese recruited to work on the plantations.

The discovery of gold deposits in French Guiana attracted thousands of people there. At the height of the gold rush, up to 40 thousand miners worked in the jungles of French Guiana, most of whom died from disease, snakes, wild animals and other difficulties.

By government decree, in 1852, French Guiana became a place of exile for “undesirable political elements.” The first exiles were participants in the French Revolution of 1848. In total, about 70 thousand were exiled from 1852 to 1939. After World War II, French Guiana ceased to be a place of exile.

In 1964, Guiana, due to its proximity to the equator, was chosen by France as the site for the construction of a space launch complex (Kourou spaceport). To protect it, the 3rd Infantry Regiment of the Foreign Legion is stationed there.

Tap water in major cities usually chlorinated and safe to drink, but bottled water is recommended. Drinking water outside the main settlements is mostly contaminated and is not recommended for consumption.

Typical local hazards include very high level solar radiation (protective creams, wide-brimmed hats and light clothing made from natural fabrics are recommended).

French Guiana is home to a large number of dangerous animals and insects, so hiking through the forests and jungles is strongly recommended with an experienced guide.

How to get to French Guiana

There are no direct flights between and. The most convenient way to get here from Russia is through.

Airlines flying from Paris to French Guiana include:

Flight duration: Moscow (Sheremetyevo) - Paris (Charles de Gaulle) - about 4 hours.

Flight duration: Paris (Orly) - Cayenne (Rochambeau) - about 9 hours.

The cost of a flight on the route “Moscow - Paris - Cayenne” is on average about 1200-1400 euros (in both directions).

In the eastern part of South America there is an overseas department (administrative unit) of France - Guiana. In our article we will discuss exactly this place. Previously, this territory, which now covers an area of ​​90 thousand km², was called “French Guiana”.

The reason for this clarification was that at one time there were five colonies under the general name "Guiana": Spanish, British, Dutch, Portuguese and French. After a certain time, the Spanish colony became the east of Venezuela. Since 1966, British Guiana has become the independent state of Guyana.

The Netherlands is now officially called the Republic of Suriname. And Portuguese nowadays is the north of Brazil.

Geographical location of the country

French Guiana is located in such a way that it is washed from the north by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean. And its mainland is located between Brazil and Suriname.

Story

The first Europeans to land on the territory of the future overseas department of the French Republic were Spanish sailors in 1499. After 105 years, French settlers began to populate it. In 1635, a fortification was founded, around which the administrative center was formed - the city of Cayenne.

Since the 17th century and for the next hundred years, Guiana was under the rule of Great Britain and the Netherlands. At the beginning of the 19th century (1817), France officially secured this territory.

As a result of the unfavorable tropical climate, there were few people willing to move to South America. Therefore, France began importing black slaves from the African continent en masse.

During the years of the French Revolution and subsequent years, a struggle began in Guiana for the abolition of the working and living conditions of slaves as for the main part of the population. According to documents, such labor was officially abolished in the department in 1848. From the end of the 18th century until the end of hostilities in World War II, the French government used Guiana as a place of forced hard labor for state political criminals. Since 1946, Guiana has become an overseas department of France.

Capital - Cayenne

What is the name of the capital of French Guiana? Why is she interesting? More on this later in the article. The city of Cayenne, which is more than 350 years old, is considered the capital of French Guiana. About 50 thousand indigenous people live there (mostly blacks and mulattoes).

Locality located on a small peninsula between the Cayenne River (a 50 km long river) and the main body of water - Mahuri, more than 170 km long.

The main attractions are located on the territory of the main city of the French department. Place de Grenoble, which is located in the western part of the capital, is very popular among tourists in Guiana. The peculiarity of this area of ​​the city is that it contains the main attractions of the city.

Lusso channel

In the central part of the city of Cayenne, not far from the fish market, is the Lusso Canal - the city's main waterway.

Construction began in 1777. For four years it was dug by hand by Guiana prisoners.

Now the canal, built according to the design of the architect Sirdey, is a favorite vacation spot for residents and guests of the city.

On the banks of the Lusso Canal, tourists pay attention to the house in which the family of the philanthropist (a person involved in charity) Alexandre Franconi lived.

The building now houses the Departmental Franconi Museum. It was founded in 1901. Tourists can view exhibitions related to the history of the department, household items of past centuries and other diverse museum exhibitions.

Place de Palmistes

The main square of the capital and the pride of the indigenous people is de Palmistes. It got its name due to the large number of palm trees planted throughout its territory. Previously, this place was a pasture for livestock.

In the middle of the 19th century, by decision of the city leadership, palm trees were planted along the entire perimeter of the future city square. At the same time, the construction of urban infrastructure buildings began. In 1957, a majestic arch was erected. It was built in honor of the first governor of Cayenne, Felix Eboue.

Now tourists can visit a variety of cafes and restaurants, located surrounded by 25-meter palm trees and taste dishes national cuisine.

Museum of Guiana Culture

On Madame Payet Street, a museum of Guianan culture was opened in 1998, where guests of the city can view exhibitions related to the culture of different ethnic groups that once inhabited the territory of Guiana. Visitors are given the opportunity to examine household items of those times, national costumes and various exhibits related to religious rites. There is a garden on the museum grounds. There you can see all kinds of medicinal plants that grow in South America.

Beach areas of Cayenne

In addition to visiting the main attractions, tourists can pay attention to beach holiday on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean.

In the village of Remy-Montjoly (10 km from Cayenne) there is, according to city guests, the most beautiful area. Here, except active rest among the palm trees, you can see the ruins of a small fort of the 18th century and old factory for the production of cane sugar.

Hates Beach is located on the Marconi River (Avala-Yalimapo commune). Tourists from many countries around the world seek to visit this area. Hates became popular thanks to the leatherback turtles living in this area, which are more than two meters long and weigh 400 kg. They are considered the largest of all living sea ​​turtles. Vacationers can swim in the clear river water. They also have the opportunity to swim with these peace-loving turtles, which appeared on the planet 200 million years ago.

At a distance of 50 km from Cayenne between the cities of Sinnamary and Kourou there is a landmark of the late 20th century. She wears official name"Guiana Space Center".

In 1964, the government was provided with fourteen designs for the location of the cosmodrome. Then it was decided to begin construction near the city of Kourou (French Guiana).

This is explained by the fact that this area is located at a distance of 500 km from the conventional line of section of the earth's surface by a plane passing through the center of the Earth (equator).

Therefore, this territory is favorable for launching satellites into orbit and launch vehicles. At the same time, they develop additional speed, making it easier for them to push off from the Earth.

Thus, in French Guiana, the spaceport, built in 1968, has become one of the most versatile centers. It attracts all space centers of other countries of the world to cooperation.

In 1975, the International Space Agency (ESA) was formed. The government then proposed using the launch pads of the Guiana Spaceport in Kourou in French Guiana. Currently, the main sites used to launch spacecraft are owned by ESA.

Since 2007, in collaboration with Russian specialists, construction of a launch pad for Soyuz-2 rockets began on the territory of the cosmodrome, which occupies an area of ​​20x60 km. The first launch of the Russian device took place in October 2011. In 2017, Russia launched the Soyuz ST-A launch vehicle with the SES-15 spacecraft from the Guiana Cosmodrome.

The sparsely populated territory of Guiana (more than 90% of the territory is covered with forests), the absence of hurricanes and earthquakes are an important safety factor during launch.

Flag of Guiana

The overseas department of Guiana belongs to the French Republic. Therefore it is officially used as state symbol countries.

In some cases, another one is used. This flag of French Guiana is approved by the legislature. It is a rectangular panel with a five-pointed yellow star in blue and green areas located on two wavy lines.

Each color has its own specific symbolism. Blue symbolizes the emergence of modern technologies on the territory of the department. The green color symbolizes the vegetation and richness of the region's forests, while the yellow symbolizes valuable minerals and natural gold reserves. Two is a symbol large quantity rec.

Now let's look at some facts about this overseas department:

1. The territory of French Guiana has many mineral resources. But only gold, tantalum and bauxite are mined here.
2. French Guiana is the only non-European territory that is part of the European Union.
3. The main agricultural crop is rice, from which rum and rice essence are made.
4. French Guiana is officially considered a department of France. But despite this, a Schengen visa is not a valid document here. A tourist from Russia needs to get a separate one. To obtain a visa to French Guiana, you should contact the consulate.
5. When entering Guiana, you must present a yellow fever vaccination certificate at customs.

Conclusion

Tourists traveling through French Guiana note that this territory is amazing in its beauty and originality. And the goodwill and sincerity of the people make you want to come back here again.

The official name is French Guiana, an overseas department of France.

Located on the Atlantic coast, in the northeastern part of South America. Area 91 thousand km2 (2002), population 182.3 thousand people. (census 2002). Official language- French. The administrative center is the city of Cayenne. Public Holiday- Bastille Day July 14 (1789). Monetary unit - euro, French franc.

Sights of Guiana

Geography of Guiana

In the north it is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, in the south and east it borders with Brazil, in the west with Suriname. Occupies the northeastern part of the Guiana Plateau. The surface is predominantly flat, with individual massifs up to 850 m high. In the north there is a narrow coastal swampy lowland. Length coastline 378 km.

OK. 90% of the country's territory is covered with dense evergreen forests with valuable tree species. Diverse and animal world: monkeys, jaguars, tapirs, snakes live in the forests; many birds and insects. The river network is dense, the rivers are high in water, but have rapids and are navigable in the lower reaches. The rivers are rich in fish, the sea waters are rich in shrimp and crabs.

Minerals: deposits of gold and bauxite. Arable land accounts for 0.11% of the total area of ​​the country, 20 km2 of land is under irrigation. The climate is tropical, subequatorial, hot and humid. Average monthly temperatures are +28-29°C.

Population of Guiana

Average annual population growth 2.57% (2002). Fertility rate 21.7%, mortality 4.8%, infant mortality 13.2 people. per 1000 newborns (2002). Average life expectancy is 76.5 years, incl. women 80, men 73 (2002). Age structure: 0-14 years - 30.2%, 15-64 years - 64.2%, 65 years and older - 5.6%. 96.5 thousand men, 85.8 thousand women. Population migration 8.8% (2002). 83% of the population over 15 years of age is literate. Ethnic composition of the population: 66% - blacks and mulattoes, 12% - whites, 12% - Indians, Chinese and other people from Asia. The official religion is Catholicism; only a small part of the population professes Hinduism and Vodism.

History of Guiana

The territory of Guiana was discovered by the Spaniards in 1499. The first French settlement in Cayenne was founded in 1604. In 1635, a fortress was built in Cayenne, which became administrative center Guianas. In the 17th - 19th centuries. Guiana was owned alternately by Great Britain, France and the Netherlands. In 1817, France secured the current territory of French Guiana.

Due to the unfavorable tropical climate, attempts to attract settlers from Europe were unsuccessful. From the end 17th century The massive importation of black slaves from Africa began into the colony. Since the French Revolution of 1789, an active struggle for the abolition of slavery began in French Guiana, which was finally abolished in 1848.

From the end 18th century Guiana was used by the French authorities as a place of hard labor, where, for example, in 1871, after the defeat of the Paris Commune, many communards were exiled. In 1877 Guiana received representation in the French parliament. Since 1946 it has the status of an overseas department of France, which still remains.

Government structure and political system of Guiana

French Guiana has been a possession of France since 1604. Since 1946 it has been an overseas department of France. The country has the Constitution of the French Republic (September 28, 1958). Administrative division - 2 districts, which are divided into cantons, cantons - into communes. The head of the central executive power is the President of the French Republic (J. Chirac since May 17, 1995). The head of the local executive power is the prefect, appointed by the French government (A. Mancini since July 31, 2002).

The highest legislative body is the National Assembly of France, in which sparsely populated French Guiana is represented by 2 deputies and 1 senator.

Local government bodies are the General Council consisting of 19 members and the Regional Council consisting of 31 members, who are elected for 6 years by direct universal suffrage.

Main political parties: Party of Guiana Socialist (PCG), founded in 1956, leader - M.-K. Verdan; Guiana Democratic Forces (FDG), founded in 1989, leader - J. Otili; Guiana Democratic Action (ADG), leader - A. Lekante; Rally for the Republic (RPR), local branches; Union of French Political Parties for French Democracy (UDF).

Economy of Guiana

The value of GDP per capita is $6,000 (1998). Employment structure of the economically active population: 18% - in agriculture, 21% - in industry, 61% - in the service sector, trade and government. The mining industry is based on the extraction of gold and the exploitation of gold deposits for export purposes. The manufacturing industry is based primarily on the processing of raw materials, including the production of rum and the canning of shrimp for export. The timber industry is well developed: logging with valuable wood is of great commercial importance.

The activities of the French National Center for Space Research, located on the Atlantic coast, in the Kourou region, play an important economic role in the country. Electricity production averages 450 million kWh (2000).

The area of ​​arable land (only 0.11% of the country's territory) is limited to a narrow coastal strip along the Atlantic coast. The main crops are rice, cassava, corn, sugar cane, bananas, and vegetables. The food shortage is covered by imports from France.

Foreign trade: exports - $155 million, imports - $625 million (1997). Main export items: timber, gold, shrimp, rum. Main export trading partners (%): France (62), Switzerland (7), USA (2). Import: food, fuel, machinery and transport equipment, chemical products. Main import trading partners (%): France (52), USA (14), Trinidad and Tobago (6).

Economically active population - 58.8 thousand people. (2002). Unemployment 21.4%. Youth unemployment is a serious problem. The average annual inflation rate over the past decade has remained at 2.5%. The economy of French Guiana is largely dependent on French subsidies and French imports. The socio-economic policy of the French authorities regarding Guiana provides for its regional and climatic specifics, the sparse population of the territory, as well as the geographical distance from the former metropolis.

Periodicals are regularly published in Guiana, and there is a French radio and television service for overseas territories (located in Cayenne).

French Guiana is a province of France in South America. It is called in its entirety in the old fashioned way, because Dutch and English Guiana were once nearby, which eventually became independent states. The French one remained. It was discovered by the Spaniards, well, they made a lot of discoveries in those days. It was open, but didn’t interest me at first. There were enough places more interesting and populated.

The French settled in Guiana and started plantations, but the local Indians categorically did not want to work for them. And if they were forced, they died completely in the absence of freedom, leading the planters to bewilderment. In addition, the relatives of the Indians were offended and came to shoot with poisonous arrows at night, which could not but have a negative impact on the health of the landowners. However, the French found a way out and began to import blacks, as this did not displease their freedom-loving nature. Then they simply declared blacks to be non-humans, and only then could they exploit them with a clear conscience.

However, it was not really possible to raise the economy with their help - slavery was abolished and it was necessary to encourage the arrival of workers who had to be paid. But they went to these places reluctantly. Nevertheless, when gold was found in French Guiana, those who wanted it were found, and they were found. They literally poured out. During the gold rush, about 40 thousand miners died here, which was a lot at that time. Yes, and in modern times this is a lot. For the entire area of ​​91 thousand square kilometers, only 220 thousand people live in Guiana.
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Since French Guiana is located near the equator, it is convenient to launch space rockets here, so a cosmodrome is equipped here. You can get to this province by plane; by ordering air tickets online you can start in Paris. Flights to the capital are daily. The flight takes only about 8 hours. Visas are required for Russians.